Padua Prediction Score and Hospital-Acquired Proximal and Isolated Distal Deep Vein Thrombosis in Symptomatic Patients.

Background: Hospital-acquired deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of proximal lower limb DVT and isolated distal DVT (IDDVT) and their relationship to the Padua Prediction Score (PPS) in acutely ill, hospitalized patients.

Methods: In a single-center cross-sectional study, all inpatients from medical departments with suspected lower-extremity DVT were evaluated with whole-leg ultrasonography during 183 days from 2016 to 2017.

Enhancing stroke risk prediction in patients with transient ischemic attack: insights from a prospective cohort study implementing fast-track care.

Background And Aims: Fast-track care have been proved to reduce the short-term risk of stroke after transient ischemic attack (TIA). We aimed to investigate stroke risk and to characterize short- and long-term stroke predictors in a large cohort of TIA patients undergoing fast-track management.

Methods: Prospective study, enrolling consecutive TIA patients admitted to a Northern Italy emergency department from August 2010 to December 2017.

Cilostazol for peripheral arterial disease - a position paper from the Italian Society for Angiology and Vascular Medicine.

Cilostazol is a quinolinone-derivative selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor and is a platelet-aggregation inhibitor and arterial vasodilator for the symptomatic treatment of intermittent claudication (IC). Cilostazol has been shown to improve walking distance for patients with moderate to severe disabling intermittent claudication who do not respond to exercise therapy and who are not candidates for vascular surgical or endovascular procedures. Several studies evaluated the pharmacological effects of cilostazol for restenosis prevention and indicated a possible effect on re-endothelialization mediated by hepatocyte growth factor and endothelial precursor cells, as well as inhibiting smooth muscle cell proliferation and leukocyte adhesion to endothelium, thereby exerting an anti-inflammatory effect.

Age-adjusted D-dimer, clinical pre-test probability-adjusted D-dimer, and whole leg ultrasound in ruling out suspected proximal and calf deep venous thrombosis.

D-dimer (DD) and ultrasonography (US) are part of the diagnostic workup for lower-extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Recent studies have shown that adjusting DD level cut-offs by age or clinical pre-test probability (PTP) decreases the use of US. We compared diagnostic accuracy of PTP-adjusted DD and age-adjusted DD in 3883 patients (F: 61.

Capsular Warning Syndrome: Features, Risk Profile, and Prognosis in a Large Prospective TIA Cohort.

Introduction: Features and prognosis of capsular warning syndrome (CWS) have been poorly investigated prospectively.

Aims: The study aimed to characterize CWS clinical features, risk profile, short- and long-term prognosis, among a large TIA cohort.

Methods: Prospective cohort study of consecutive TIAs was conducted from August 1, 2010, to December 31, 2017.

Guidelines on the management of abdominal aortic aneurysms: updates from the Italian Society of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (SICVE).

The objective of these Guidelines was to revise and update the previous 2016 Italian Guidelines on Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Disease, in accordance with the National Guidelines System (SNLG), to guide every practitioner toward the most correct management pathway for this pathology. The methodology applied in this update was the GRADE-SIGN version methodology, following the instructions of the AGREE quality of reporting checklist as well. The first methodological step was the formulation of clinical questions structured according to the PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) model according to which the Recommendations were issued.

Clinicoradiological Profile and Functional Outcome of Acute Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: A Hospital-Based Cohort Study.

Introduction Acute cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) may result in a variety of clinical presentations, with headache being the most common. The relationship between clinical and neuroradiological characteristics in acute CVT patients is still not univocally characterized. Materials and methods We enrolled 32 consecutive acute CVT patients admitted to our emergency department from January 1, 2012, to June 30, 2019.

Relevance of immobility as a risk factor for symptomatic proximal and isolated distal deep vein thrombosis in acutely ill medical inpatients.

Immobility is a well-recognized risk factor for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in surgical patients, whereas the level of DVT risk conferred by immobility is less defined in patients on medical wards. The aim of this study was to establish whether immobility and its duration are associated with the risk of DVT in acutely ill medical inpatients. We conducted a cohort study in acutely ill medical inpatients.

Prospective observational cohort study of early recurrent TIA: Features, frequency, and outcome.

Objectives: To evaluate the frequency, clinical and etiologic features, and short- and long-term outcomes of early recurrent TIA.

Methods: This prospective observational cohort study enrolled all consecutive patients with TIA referred to our emergency department and diagnosed by a vascular neurologist. Expedited assessment and best secondary prevention were performed within 24 hours.

Coronary artery disease and restenosis after peripheral endovascular intervention are predictors of poor outcome in peripheral arterial disease.

Few data are available on long-term atherothrombotic events after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) for peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Restenosis after PTA may be a marker of a more aggressive atherothrombosis. To ascertain whether restenosis detected by duplex sonography (DUS) after PTA for iliac and femoro-popliteal disease is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events.

Proximal and isolated distal deep vein thrombosis and Wells score accuracy in hospitalized patients.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. The Wells score for DVT pretest probability (PTP) was validated in outpatients, but its utility for inpatients is unclear. The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of inpatient proximal and distal DVT and the Wells score performance in inpatients.

Thrombin generation and intracranial atherosclerotic disease in patients with a transient ischaemic attack.

Background: Intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) is responsible for at least 10% of transient ischaemic attacks (TIA). Thrombin generation has been shown to be associated with several atherosclerotic conditions and may be relevant in the pathogenesis of TIA from ICAD.

Objective: To evaluate the association between thrombin generation and ICAD in patients with TIA.

The incidence of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in patients treated with low molecular weight heparin for superficial vein thrombosis.

Background: The risk of heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) associated with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) for treatment of superficial vein thrombosis (SVT) is uncertain. As a result the necessity of platelet count monitoring is unclear in this setting.

Aims: To assess the risk of HIT in outpatients treated with LMWH for SVT.

Short- and Long-Term Stroke Risk after Urgent Management of Transient Ischaemic Attack: The Bologna TIA Clinical Pathway.

Background: Rapid management can reduce the short stroke risk after transient ischaemic attack (TIA), but the long-term effect is still little known. We evaluated 3-year vascular outcomes in patients with TIA after urgent care.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled all consecutive patients with TIA diagnosed by a vascular neurologist and referred to our emergency department (ED).

Rivaroxaban in the Treatment of Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia.

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a prothrombotic condition and it is associated with increased in vivo thrombin generation that needs to be treated with non-heparin anticoagulants such as direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs). DTIs require parenteral administration and are associated with a non negligible risk of major bleeding. We describe a case of HIT treated with rivaroxaban, a direct oral factor Xa inhibitor which could be used to inhibit the generation of thrombin, instead of DTIs.

D-dimer for the diagnosis of upper extremity deep and superficial venous thrombosis.

Background: D-dimer role is well established in the diagnostic work-up for lower limb deep vein thrombosis (DVT), however it has not been formally tested for clinically suspected upper extremity DVT and/or superficial vein thrombosis (SVT).

Aim: To ascertain D-dimer diagnostic accuracy for upper extremity DVT and/or SVT.

Study Design: We performed a single centre management study in outpatients referred by emergency or primary care physicians for clinically suspected upper extremity DVT.

D-dimer, FVIII and thrombotic burden in the acute phase of deep vein thrombosis in relation to the risk of post-thrombotic syndrome.

Background: Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is the most common complication of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), but few data are available on the risk factors for PTS.

Aims: To assess whether the time-course of D-dimer, FVIII, and thrombotic burden are related to PTS development.

Methods: Patients (n=59) with proximal DVT of the lower limbs (age 64; range:20-88years; male 56%) were enrolled on the day of diagnosis (D0) and all received heparin for 5-7days, overlapped and followed by vitamin K antagonists (VKA) for 3months.

Two years outcome of isolated distal deep vein thrombosis.

Background: Isolated distal deep vein thrombosis (IDDVT) is frequently found in symptomatic outpatients, but its long term outcome is still uncertain.

Aims: To assess IDDVT long term outcome and the impact of IDDVT characteristics on outcome.

Methods: In a prospective, single center study we enrolled symptomatic outpatients in whom IDDVT was detected by whole-leg compression ultrasonography.

G1691A factor V and G20210A FII mutations, acute ischemic stroke of unknown cause, and patent foramen ovale.

Background: Genetic polymorphisms of haemostatic factors such as G1691A factor V (FV Leiden) and G20210A prothrombin (FII) may be involved in the onset of patent foramen ovale (PFO)-related cerebral ischaemia. We assessed the possible association between such inherited thrombophilic alterations and right-to-left shunt in patients with stroke.

Methods: We investigated the presence of G20210A FII and FV Leiden mutations in 340 Caucasian patients consecutively evaluated by our Angiology Unit for stroke of unknown cause.

No early signs of atherosclerotic alterations in carriers of inherited thrombophilia.

Background: Congenital thrombophilia is a risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Whether it is associated with increased risk of arterial disease is today a matter of debate. We aimed to look for early signs of atherosclerotic alterations in carriers of inherited thrombophilic alterations (ITA).

Thrombophilic risk factors and peripheral arterial disease severity.

Few data are available on thrombophilic risk factors and progression of atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Thrombophilic alterations can be an aggravating factor when arterial stenoses are present. In a cross-sectional study, we evaluated the presence of the thrombophilic factors fibrinogen, homocysteine, factor (F)VIII, lupus anticoagulant (LAC), FII G20210A, and FV R506Q mutations in 181 patients with PAD at Fontaine's stage II (claudication), in 110 patients with critical limb ischaemia (CLI), and in 210 controls.

D-dimer and factor VIII are independent risk factors for recurrence after anticoagulation withdrawal for a first idiopathic deep vein thrombosis.

Background And Objectives: To assess the predictive value of D-dimer (D-d) and Factor VIII (FVIII) in combination for recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) after vitamin K antagonist (VKA) therapy suspension.

Design And Methods: Consecutive outpatients with a first episode of idiopathic proximal deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs were enrolled on the day of VKA suspension. After 30+/-10 days, D-d (cut-off value: 500 ng/mL), chromogenic FVIII activity and inherited thrombophilia were determined.

Analysis of agreement between Duplex ultrasound scanning and arteriography in patients with lower limb artery disease.

Background: Angiography is the gold standard for therapeutic decision-making in lower limb artery disease. However, both the potentiality and safety of Duplex ultrasound scanning suggest that it may become the main diagnostic tool. The present study aimed to investigate the agreement between Duplex scanning and angiography in the diagnosis of stenosis in lower limb artery disease.