Five million years of Antarctic Circumpolar Current strength variability.

The Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) represents the world's largest ocean-current system and affects global ocean circulation, climate and Antarctic ice-sheet stability. Today, ACC dynamics are controlled by atmospheric forcing, oceanic density gradients and eddy activity. Whereas palaeoceanographic reconstructions exhibit regional heterogeneity in ACC position and strength over Pleistocene glacial-interglacial cycles, the long-term evolution of the ACC is poorly known.

A global synthesis of high-resolution stable isotope data from benthic foraminifera of the last deglaciation.

We present the first version of the Ocean Circulation and Carbon Cycling (OC3) working group database, of oxygen and carbon stable isotope ratios from benthic foraminifera in deep ocean sediment cores from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 23-19 ky) to the Holocene (<10 ky) with a particular focus on the early last deglaciation (19-15 ky BP). It includes 287 globally distributed coring sites, with metadata, isotopic and chronostratigraphic information, and age models. A quality check was performed for all data and age models, and sites with at least millennial resolution were preferred.

Physicians, prescribe education to address population health equity.

Structural barriers embedded within American society contribute to health inequities and social determinants of health (SDOH) in ways that systematically influence one's ability to succeed and to maintain a healthy overall quality of life in the United States. This article leverages educational attainment as an upstream SDOH factor that can be used to address downstream implications of population health equity. As providers learn to prescribe more innovative treatments that directly influence SDOH, an exploration is made to develop an intervention that integrates education, public health, and medicine as systems in a coordinated process to increase educational attainment for vulnerable populations.

Southern Ocean upwelling, Earth's obliquity, and glacial-interglacial atmospheric CO change.

Previous studies have suggested that during the late Pleistocene ice ages, surface-deep exchange was somehow weakened in the Southern Ocean's Antarctic Zone, which reduced the leakage of deeply sequestered carbon dioxide and thus contributed to the lower atmospheric carbon dioxide levels of the ice ages. Here, high-resolution diatom-bound nitrogen isotope measurements from the Indian sector of the Antarctic Zone reveal three modes of change in Southern Westerly Wind-driven upwelling, each affecting atmospheric carbon dioxide. Two modes, related to global climate and the bipolar seesaw, have been proposed previously.

Glacial heterogeneity in Southern Ocean carbon storage abated by fast South Indian deglacial carbon release.

Past changes in ocean C disequilibria have been suggested to reflect the Southern Ocean control on global exogenic carbon cycling. Yet, the volumetric extent of the glacial carbon pool and the deglacial mechanisms contributing to release remineralized carbon, particularly from regions with enhanced mixing today, remain insufficiently constrained. Here, we reconstruct the deglacial ventilation history of the South Indian upwelling hotspot near Kerguelen Island, using high-resolution C-dating of smaller-than-conventional foraminiferal samples and multi-proxy deep-ocean oxygen estimates.

The mitochondrial transporter SLC25A25 links ciliary TRPP2 signaling and cellular metabolism.

Cilia are organelles specialized in movement and signal transduction. The ciliary transient receptor potential ion channel polycystin-2 (TRPP2) controls elementary cilia-mediated physiological functions ranging from male fertility and kidney development to left-right patterning. However, the molecular components translating TRPP2 channel-mediated Ca2+ signals into respective physiological functions are unknown.

Enhanced ocean-atmosphere carbon partitioning via the carbonate counter pump during the last deglacial.

Several synergistic mechanisms were likely involved in the last deglacial atmospheric pCO rise. Leading hypotheses invoke a release of deep-ocean carbon through enhanced convection in the Southern Ocean (SO) and concomitant decreased efficiency of the global soft-tissue pump (STP). However, the temporal evolution of both the STP and the carbonate counter pump (CCP) remains unclear, thus preventing the evaluation of their contributions to the pCO rise.

Olfactory Training Using Heavy and Light Weight Molecule Odors.

Background Repeated short-term exposure to odors is known to improve olfaction in patients with acquired olfactory dysfunction. The aim was to find out whether differences in molecular weight of odors used for olfactory training influences olfaction. We hypothesized a greater improvement following training with light weight molecule (LWM) odors.

Penetration and Effectiveness of Micronized Copper in Refractory Wood Species.

The North American wood decking market mostly relies on easily treatable Southern yellow pine (SYP), which is being impregnated with micronized copper (MC) wood preservatives since 2006. These formulations are composed of copper (Cu) carbonate particles (CuCO3·Cu(OH)2), with sizes ranging from 1 nm to 250 μm, according to manufacturers. MC-treated SYP wood is protected against decay by solubilized Cu2+ ions and unreacted CuCO3·Cu(OH)2 particles that successively release Cu2+ ions (reservoir effect).

Carbon isotope records reveal precise timing of enhanced Southern Ocean upwelling during the last deglaciation.

The Southern Ocean plays a prominent role in the Earth's climate and carbon cycle. Changes in the Southern Ocean circulation may have regulated the release of CO₂ to the atmosphere from a deep-ocean reservoir during the last deglaciation. However, the path and exact timing of this deglacial CO₂ release are still under debate.