Metastatic hidradenocarcinoma: a report of two rare cases.

Background: Hidradenocarcinoma is a rare malignant sweat gland tumour, characterized by a slow but aggressive course, with high rates of local recurrence and metastasis. Due to its rarity, histological criteria and therapeutic guidelines are poorly defined, posing a major challenge for clinicians and pathologists.

Objectives: To present two new cases of metastatic hidradenocarcinoma as well as a review of the literature.

Normolipemic Plane Xanthoma.

A 77-year-old man, otherwise healthy, presented with multiple symmetric yellowish patches in his axillary folds and abdomen that had evolved for 6 months (Figures 1 and 2). The lesions were initially confined to the axillary folds but have since disseminated during last 3 months. The patient was asymptomatic, and the physical examination was normal.

Case for diagnosis. Suppurative nodule or something deeper?

The authors report the case of a 62-year-old man with a history of total left hip arthroplasty nine years previously presenting with a large infiltrated plaque on the posterior area of the left thigh with three months of evolution without systemic symptoms or elevated inflammatory markers. Computed tomography of the left lower limb revealed a 12-centimeter linear extension of the lesion to the posterior part of the left proximal femur. Prosthesis joint infection, although rare, is a surgical complication to be taken into account, even if the surgery was performed many years before.

Cowden syndrome: clinical case and a brief review.

Cowden syndrome is a rare genodermatosis of autosomal dominant inheritance characterized by multiple hamartomas in several organs and an increased risk of malignancies. We present the case of a 53-year-old man with a history of benign and malignant thyroid disease, intestinal polyposis, and Chiari malformation. He had several trichilemmomas, papillomatosis of the oral cavity, macular pigmentation of the glans penis, among other clinical features suggestive of Cowden syndrome.

[Cutaneous malignant melanoma: a retrospective study of seven years (2006-2012)].

Introduction: Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive skin cancer and its incidence has been increasing in recent decades. The cure depends on early diagnosis and understanding melanoma epidemiology is of great importance for the implementation of programs of primary prevention and early detection.

Material And Methods: We reviewed the clinical cases of primary cutaneous malignant melanoma diagnosed between January 2006 and December 2012 at Centro Hospitalar de São João, in Porto.

Stevens-Johnson syndrome/erythema multiforme major and Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in young patients.

Erythema multiforme major (EMM) is an acute, self-limited mucocutaneous disease characterized by the abrupt onset of symmetrical fixed red papules evolving to target lesions. It is triggered mainly by infections, such as herpes simplex virus (HSV) and Mycoplasma pneumoniae, or drugs. In instances of extensive skin lesions with "giant" targets, prominent involvement of several mucous sites and fever, it may be difficult to distinguish from Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), a rarer, life-threatening reaction which is mainly drug-induced.

Chalazion surgery: advantages of a subconjunctival approach.

The meibomian glands, present within the tarsus, produce an oily fluid which is part of the tear film. The obstruction of this gland is common, and results in a meibomian cyst or chalazion. Initially, a chalazion may spontaneously resolve, or respond to conservative measures such as warm compresses and topical antibiotics.

Cutaneous lesions as the first manifestation of systemic follicular lymphoma in an HIV patient.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients have an increased incidence of lymphomas, particularly when there is a significant immunosuppression. Most commonly, they are non-Hodgkin B cell type with a high or intermediate grade and have an extranodal presentation. We report the case of a 38-year-old man with HIV infection who presented with a 1-year history of a painless tumor on the back and lymphadenopathies.