A study evaluated the effectiveness of human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), cancer antigen 125 (CA125), and the risk of malignancy algorithm (ROMA) in detecting ovarian cancer in patients with a pelvic mass, alongside traditional ultrasound methods.
Among 965 patients, those with advanced-stage ovarian cancer showed excellent biomarker performance (AUC > 0.92), but the diagnostic accuracy was lower for early-stage cancers (AUC < 0.77).
ROMA and HE4 were especially useful in distinguishing ovarian cancer from endometriosis in premenopausal women, while CA125 was found to be more reliable for postmenopausal patients.
Objective: The prognosis for ovarian cancer patients remains poor. A key to maximizing survival rates is early detection and treatment. This requires an accurate prediction of malignancy.