Association between smoking status and the parameters of vascular structure and function in adults: results from the EVIDENT study.

Background: The present study analyses the relation between smoking status and the parameters used to assess vascular structure and function.

Methods: This cross-sectional, multi-centre study involved a random sample of 1553 participants from the EVIDENT study.

Measurements: The smoking status, peripheral augmentation index and ankle-brachial index were measured in all participants.

Blood pressure circadian pattern and physical exercise assessment by accelerometer and 7-day physical activity recall scale.

Background: The relationship between regular physical activity, measured objectively and by self-report, and the circadian pattern of 24-hour ambulatory arterial blood pressure (BP) has not been clarified.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study in a cohort of healthy patients. We included 1,345 patients from the EVIDENT study (mean age 55 ± 14 years; 59.