Orange Peel : Development of A Mucoadhesive Nasal Spray with Antimicrobial and Anti-inflammatory Activity.

Due to the high frequency and severity of upper respiratory bacterial infections, probiotics could offer a new medical approach. We explored the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties of the new strain BIA and formulated a nasal spray. BIA was isolated from orange peel and taxonomically identified through 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

Association of mucoadhesive polymeric matrices and liposomes for local delivery of miconazole: A new approach for the treatment of oral candidiasis.

Since the local treatment of oral candidiasis usually requires long-term administration of the antifungal drug, an ideal dosage form should be able to maintain the drug release over an extended period, assuring an adequate concentration at the infection site. In this context, we have considered the possibility of a buccal delivery of miconazole nitrate (MN) by mucoadhesive polymeric matrices. The loading of the antifungal drug in a hydrophilic matrix was made possible by taking advantage of the amphiphilic nature of liposomes (LP).

Drug-in-cyclodextrin-in-polymeric nanoparticles: A promising strategy for rifampicin administration.

The aim of this work was to develop novel chitosan (CH) based nanoparticles (NPs) for rifampicin (RIF) delivery. RIF, a lipophilic molecule, was incorporated inside NPs as a complex with an anionic cyclodextrin, sulphobutyl-ether-β-cyclodextrin (SBE-β-CD). NPs were then prepared through the ionic gelation method by exploiting the interaction between CH and SBE-β-CD-RIF complex (CH/SBE-β-CD-RIF NPs), possibly in the presence of other crosslinkers, like carboxymethylcellulose (CH/SBE-β-CD-RIF/CMC NPs) and pentasodium tripolyphosphate (CH/SBE-β-CD-RIF/TPP NPs).

Drug delivery to the brain: In situ gelling formulation enhances carbamazepine diffusion through nasal mucosa models with mucin.

The objective of this work was to optimize a thermosensitive in situ gelling formulation to improve intranasal and nose-to-brain delivery of the antiepileptic drug carbamazepine (CBZ). A preliminary procedure of vehicles obtained just mixing different fractions of poloxamer 407 (P407) and poloxamer 188 (P188) revealed preparations with phase transition temperatures, times to gelation and pH values suitable for nasal delivery. Subsequently, the mucoadhesive properties of the most promising formulations were tuned by adding hydroxypropylmethylcellulose types of different viscosity grades, and the effect of the adhesive polymers was evaluated by testing in vitro time and strength of mucoadhesion on specimens of sheep nasal mucosa.

Seizures Do Not Affect Disability and Mortality Outcomes of Stroke: A Population-Based Study.

Although seizures are frequently seen after cerebrovascular accidents, their effects on long-term outcome in stroke patients are still unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between post-stroke seizures and the risk of long-term disability and mortality in stroke patients. This study is part of a larger population-based study.

Status epilepticus mimicking stroke recurrence.

Aim Of The Study: The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients with previous stroke (either ischemic or hemorrhagic), who developed status epilepticus (SE) mimicking a stroke relapse.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients brought to hospital by the emergency service between December 2016 and January 2018 with a stroke code as possible candidates for intravenous thrombolysis and who had already have a previous stroke. Among them, patients admitted for negative symptoms and finally discharged with a diagnosis of SE mimicking stroke were selected and their clinical characteristics collected.

Epidemiology of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes: a population-based study.

Background: The epidemiology of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) remains to be defined. We present here the first population-based incidence study and report the clinical spectrum and antibody profile of PNS in a large area in Northeastern Italy.

Methods: We performed a 9-year (2009-2017) population-based epidemiological study of PNS in the provinces of Udine, Pordenone and Gorizia, in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region (983,190 people as of January 1, 2017).

When Nothing Goes Right: An Unexpected Tongue Deviation in Internal Carotid Artery Dissection.

Internal carotid artery dissection is a frequent cause of stroke in young people. The artery dissection and the formation of an intramural hematoma could also cause mass effect on surrounding structures, causing disorders such as cranial nerve palsies (about 12% of the cases), including XII cranial nerve. In the setting of an ischemic stroke, lower cranial nerve palsy could also be due to infratentorial ischemic lesions; however, there have been also rare reports of lower cranial nerve palsy due to supratentorial cerebral ischemic lesions.

Stroke-Like Presentation of Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration: a Single-Center Experience and Review of the Literature.

Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) is usually thought to have a subacute progression over several weeks. We report herein incidence and clinical features of hyperacute onset PCD, a vertebrobasilar stroke mimic. We performed a retrospective analysis of all suspected PCD cases referred to the Udine University Hospital between 2009 and 2017.

Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Thrombolysis in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke and Pre⁻Existing Disability.

Little is known about intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with pre-existing disability. Disabled patients are often excluded from IVT treatment. Previous studies investigated the role of pre-existing disability on outcomes in AIS patients after IVT.