Krabbe's leukodystrophy: Approaches and models in vitro.

This Review describes some in vitro approaches used to investigate the mechanisms involved in Krabbe's disease, with particular regard to the cellular systems employed to study processes of inflammation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. The aim was to update the knowledge on the results obtained from in vitro models of this neurodegenerative disorder and provide stimuli for future research. For a long time, the nonavailability of established neural cells has limited the understanding of neuropathogenic mechanisms in Krabbe's leukodystrophy.

A galactose-free diet enriched in soy isoflavones and antioxidants results in delayed onset of symptoms of Krabbe disease in twitcher mice.

Krabbe disease or globoid cell leukodystrophy is an autosomal recessively inherited disorder caused by the deficiency of galactocerebrosidase, the lysosomal enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of galactose from galactosylceramide and galactosylsphingosine (psychosine). Psychosine accumulation results in the loss of myelin and oligodendrocytes in the brain of Krabbe patients as well as twitcher mice (natural model of human Krabbe disease). The aim of the present research was to investigate in twitcher mice the potential role of a diet deficient in galactose enriched in soy isoflavones and a pool of antioxidants molecules, such as l-glutathione, coenzyme Q10, xanthophylls, in counteracting the toxic effects derived by psychosine accumulation.