Use of Injectable Progesterone as a Pre-Synchronisation Strategy in a Timed Artificial Insemination Protocol Based on Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone and Progesterone in Bos indicus Beef Cows in Anoestrous.

This study evaluated the effects of pre-synchronisation with injectable progesterone (P4) on the ovarian follicular dynamics of Bos taurus indicus cows in anoestrous treated with a timed artificial insemination (TAI) protocol. Multiparous Nelore females (n = 47) at 30-60 days postpartum were used in this study. 10 days before (D-10) the TAI protocol, antral follicle count (AFC; follicles ≥ 3 mm), ovarian condition and body condition score (BCS; 1-5) were assessed and were randomly allocated into two groups: Pre-sync (n = 25), which underwent pre-synchronisation with 150 mg of injectable P4 intramuscularly (i.

Respiratory illness in young and adult cattle caused by bovine viral diarrhea virus subgenotype 2b in singular and mixed bacterial infection in a BVDV-vaccinated dairy herd.

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a common global health problem in dairy cattle. The definitive diagnosis of BRD is complex because its etiology involves several predisposing and determining factors. This report describes the etiology of a BRD outbreak in a dairy herd in the mesoregion of Central Eastern Paraná, which simultaneously affected young (calves and heifers) and adult (cows) Holstein-Friesian cattle.

Outbreak of persistently infected heifer calves with bovine viral diarrhea virus subgenotypes 1b and 1d in a BVDV-vaccinated open dairy herd.

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection has a significant economic impact on beef and dairy industries worldwide. Fetal infection with a non-cytopathic strain may lead to the birth of persistently infected (PI) offspring, which is the main event in the epidemiological chain of BVDV infection. This report describes the birth of 99 BVDV-PI heifer calves within 52 days of birth in a regular BVDV-vaccinated Brazilian dairy cattle herd and the subgenotypes of the infecting field strains.

Serological Survey for Three Canine Viruses in Brazilian Wild Carnivores : Antibodies Against Canine Viruses in Wild Carnivores.

We evaluated the presence of antibodies against CaHV-1, CDV, and CPV-2 in serum samples from Brazilian wild carnivore species. Nine maned wolves and six crab-eating foxes were tested for CaHV-1 and CDV by virus neutralization test and CPV-2 by hemagglutination inhibition assay. Antibodies to CaHV-1, CDV, and CPV-2 were detected in serum samples of 1 (6.

Serological profile of respiratory viruses in unvaccinated steers upon their arrival at Brazilian feedlot facilities.

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoAHV1), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), and bovine parainfluenza virus 3 (BPIV-3) are involved in bovine respiratory disease. These viruses can infect the respiratory system and cause considerable economic losses to beef and dairy cattle herds. This study aimed to determine the serological profiles of steers for BVDV, BoAHV1, BRSV, and BPIV-3 upon their arrival at Brazilian feedlot facilities.

The COVID-19 pandemic's impact on the practices and biosecurity measures of veterinary medicine professionals in Brazil.

Veterinarians, among other health professionals, are considered health professionals at high risk of exposure to and contraction of COVID-19. The main objective of this study is to assess changes in the clinical practices of veterinarians during the COVID-19 pandemic around prophylactic and biosafety measures, as well as to evaluate changes in workload and cost-benefit ratio. An online questionnaire was sent to veterinary professionals from July 2020 to July 2021 using Google Forms.

Congenital Neurological Disease Associated With HoBi-like Pestivirus Infection in a Newborn Dairy Calf From Brazil.

HoBi-like pestivirus (HoBiPeV) has been reported in several biological samples from cattle worldwide, but there are no descriptions of this virus associated with neurological symptoms. This report described the first occurrence of neurological disease associated with HoBiPeV in a newborn dairy calf. A mixed-breed Holstein calf had severe neurological symptoms at birth and died at 21 days old.

Bacterial and fungal pathogens in granulomatous lesions of Chelonia mydas in a significant foraging ground off southern Brazil.

The green sea turtle Chelonia mydas inhabit near-shore areas exposed to threatening anthropogenic activities. The granulomatous lesions in these animals may indicate infectious diseases that can be associated with environmental contamination and hazards to human health. This study aimed to characterize the granulomatous inflammation associated with bacterial and fungal infection in C.

Investigation of avian rotavirus infections in broiler chicks from commercial flocks with different performance efficiency indexes.

The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the frequency of occurrence of avian rotavirus (AvRV) in poultry flocks according to its Performance Efficiency Index (PEI) scores. A total of 256 individual intestinal content samples of small sized-chicks (runts) with clinical signs of Runting Stunting Syndrome (RSS) and 24 clinically healthy chicks (control) were collected from twelve flocks in southern Brazil with different PEI scores: good (n = 4, PEI mean = 365); moderate (n = 4, PEI mean = 342) or poor (n = 4, PEI mean = 319). Silver-stained polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (ss-PAGE) was used to detect and identify the AvRV species followed by RT-PCR and sequencing of the partial VP6 gene for species confirmation.

Severe outbreak of bovine neonatal diarrhea in a dairy calf rearing unit with multifactorial etiology.

This study describes the etiological diversity observed in a severe neonatal diarrhea outbreak with morbidity and mortality rates of 80 and 20%, respectively, with detection of mixed infections with viral, bacterial, and protozoan disease agents in a dairy calf rearing unit. Diarrheic fecal samples were collected from eight 5 to 18 days of age calves and were submitted to the investigation of the presence of rotavirus A (RVA), bovine coronavirus (BCoV), bovine kobuvirus (BKV), bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 and 2 (BVDV-1 and BVDV-2), enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), Salmonella sp., and Cryptosporidium spp.

Bovine viral diarrhea virus subgenotype 1a in a mummified fetus from a Brazilian dairy cattle herd.

We describe the molecular analysis of a wild-type field strain of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) identified in a mummified fetus from a small Brazilian dairy cattle herd. Nucleic acids extracted from samples of the lung, liver, heart, spleen, and kidney were tested by PCR assays for bovine alphaherpesvirus 1, , spp., , and , a nested PCR assay for and , and a RT-PCR assay for BVDV.

First detection of Feline morbillivirus infection in white-eared opossums (Didelphis albiventris, Lund, 1840), a non-feline host.

Feline Morbillivirus (FeMV) was first detected in 2012 in domestic cats from Hong Kong and was found to be associated with tubulointerstitial nephritis and chronic kidney disease. In subsequent studies in other countries, FeMV was detected in asymptomatic cats. However, it is not clear whether FeMV plays a role as a pathogen in the kidney diseases of cats, and other epidemiological data are still unknown.

Renicolidae infection in Manx shearwater (Puffinus puffinus): is parasitism implicated on renal lesions?

Renicolid digeneans are frequently observed in the renal tubules and ureters of seabirds, such Puffinus puffinus, a migratory species distributed along the Brazilian coast. However, few studies have focused on the relationship between renicolid infection and health status in P. puffinus.

Molecular characterization of Feline paramyxovirus and Feline morbillivirus in cats from Brazil.

This study is aimed at detecting Feline paramyxovirus (FPaV) and Feline morbillivirus (FeMV) in 35 urine samples from domestic cats, collected in 2019, with or without clinical signs of uropathies using a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) followed by semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (SN-PCR) assays to amplify a partial paramyxovirus L gene. Eight (22.9%) out of the 35 urine samples were positive for paramyxoviruses.

First detection of canine parvovirus 2b DNA in a crab-eating fox pup (Cerdocyon thous, Linnaeus, 1766).

The crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) is a small wild mammal present in all Brazilian biomes and in some countries of South America. This study aimed to verify the involvement of viral infectious agents in the death of a wild crab-eating fox pup (Cerdocyon thous) in Brazil. The Center for Medicine and Research of Wild Animals of the Universidade Estadual Paulista received a free-living crab-eating fox aged approximately 21 days and apparently healthy.

Genotype constellation of a rotavirus A field strain with an uncommon G8P[11] genotype combination in a rotavirus-vaccinated dairy cattle herd.

In this report we describe the genotype constellation of a bovine rotavirus A (RVA) strain with an uncommon G8P[11] genotype combination. The RVA/Cow-wt/BRA/Y136/2017/G8P[11] strain was classified as G8-P[11]-I2-R5-C2-M2-A3-N2-T9-E2-H3. Phylogenetic analysis based on the VP7 gene showed that the Y136 strain and a human G8P[1] strain comprise a putative new (VII) lineage for the G8 genotype.

Microbial diversity involved in the etiology of a bovine respiratory disease outbreak in a dairy calf rearing unit.

The etiological agents involved in a bovine respiratory disease (BRD) outbreak were investigated in a dairy heifer calf rearing unit from southern Brazil. A battery of PCR assays was performed to detect the most common viruses and bacteria associated with BRD, such as bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), bovine coronavirus (BCoV), bovine parainfluenza virus 3 (BPIV-3), , , , and . Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples were taken from 21 heifer calves (symptomatic = 15; asymptomatic = 6) that, during the occurrence of the BDR outbreak, were aged between 6 and 90 days.

Canine parvovirus 2b in fecal samples of asymptomatic free-living South American coatis (Nasua nasua, Linnaeus, 1766).

Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) is classified into three subtypes (CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c) and is the main cause of enteritis and myocarditis in young domestic and wild animals. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of CPV-2 in the feces of asymptomatic free-living coatis from Garden Forest Reserve, Palmital city, SP, Brazil. Fecal samples from 21 coatis (both sexes, different ages, and different aspects of feces) were collected in August 2014 and March 2015.

Longitudinal study of rotavirus C VP6 genotype I6 in diarrheic piglets up to 1 week old.

The reports of rotavirus C (RVC) involvement in diarrhea outbreaks in newborn piglets have been increasing in recent years. This longitudinal study, conducted over a 37-day period, aimed to evaluate the frequency of RVC infection in piglets aged up to 7 days obtained from a pig herd with a previous diagnosis of RVC infection in this age group. Piglets from 50 different litters were monitored daily for the occurrence of diarrhea, and all litters were classified into the following categories: sow parity order (PO) 1 to 5; litter size (LS) ≤ 10 piglets and > 10 piglets; and piglet birth weight (BW) 1.

Molecular identification and histological aspects of Renicola sloanei (Digenea: Renicolidae) in Puffinus puffinus (Procellariiformes): a first record.

Renicolids are parasites that inhabit the renal tubules and ureters of molluscivorous and piscivorous birds. Puffinus puffinus is a migratory seabird that was identified as the definitive host of Renicola spp. Studies focusing on the renicolid species and the resulting renal lesions are valuable for their association with causes of stranding in seabirds.

G and P genotype profiles of rotavirus A field strains circulating in beef and dairy cattle herds in Brazil, 2006-2015.

The aim of this retrospective study was to use RT-PCR and nucleotide sequencing analysis to determine the G (VP7 gene) and P (VP4 gene) genotypes of 155 Brazilian bovine rotavirus A (RVA) wild-type strains detected in diarrheic calves from all Brazilian geographical regions from 2006 to 2015. The RVA strains evaluated belonged to the G6, G10, P[5], and P[11] genotypes. The G6P[5] genotype was prevalent (65.

Longitudinal surveillance of rotavirus A genotypes circulating in a high milk yield dairy cattle herd after the introduction of a rotavirus vaccine.

Worldwide, neonatal diarrhea is one of the most important health issues affecting dairy calves, and rotavirus A (RVA) is one of its primary causes. Among the measures to mitigate the risk of diarrhea outbreaks, cow vaccination stands out as one of the most important. However, the immune pressure resulting from routine vaccination may be able to select specific G and P genotypes in RVA field strains.

Longitudinal survey of Teschovirus A, Sapelovirus A, and Enterovirus G fecal excretion in suckling and weaned pigs.

Fecal samples from 27 pigs were longitudinally analyzed for Teschovirus A (TV-A), Sapelovirus A (SV-A), and Enterovirus G (EV-G) RNA presence. Suckling piglet fecal samples were negative for the three enteric picornaviruses. However, these picornaviruses were detected in 22/27 weaned pig fecal samples.

Cross-sectional study of the G and P genotypes of rotavirus A field strains circulating in regularly vaccinated dairy cattle herds.

Neonatal diarrhea is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in calves up to 30 days old, and rotavirus A (RVA) is the main viral etiology. RVA vaccines are one of the main tools for diarrhea control in neonates. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to monitor by RT-PCR the G and P genotypes of RVA strains identified in dairy cattle herds regularly vaccinated with the RVA UK strain (G6P[5]).