Acute impact of posthemorrhagic ventricular dilatation on cerebral oxygenation in preterm infants with intraventricular haemorrhage.

Aim: To assess the effect of ventricular decompression on cerebral oxygenation in preterm neonates with intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) and posthemorrhagic ventricular dilatation (PHVD) using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).

Methods: Fifty-three preterm neonates born <34 weeks' gestation between 2013 and 2023 with IVH and subsequent PHVD were prospectively included. Regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO) as well as fractional cerebral tissue oxygen extraction (cFTOE) were analysed 2 weeks before and after ventricular decompression.

Neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants with intraventricular hemorrhages: the potential of quantitative brainstem MRI.

Objectives: This retrospective study aimed to identify quantitative magnetic resonance imaging markers in the brainstem of preterm neonates with intraventricular hemorrhages. It delves into the intricate associations between quantitative brainstem magnetic resonance imaging metrics and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants with intraventricular hemorrhage, aiming to elucidate potential relationships and their clinical implications.

Materials And Methods: Neuroimaging was performed on preterm neonates with intraventricular hemorrhage using a multi-dynamic multi-echo sequence to determine T1 relaxation time, T2 relaxation time, and proton density in specific brainstem regions.

A helicase-primase drug candidate with sufficient target tissue exposure affects latent neural herpes simplex virus infections.

More than 50% of the world population is chronically infected with herpesviruses. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are the cause of herpes labialis (cold sores), genital herpes, and sight-impairing keratitis. Less frequently, life-threatening disseminated disease (encephalitis and generalized viremia) can also occur, mainly in immunocompromised patients and newborns.

Financial impact and effect on the outcome of preoperative tests for at-risk older hip fracture patients.

Aim: Older patients with proximal femoral fractures often undergo preoperative tests due to coexisting morbidities. Our aim was to evaluate these tests and their impact on patient outcome and medical expenses.

Methods: This retrospective study includes data on head computed tomography, carotid ultrasound, echocardiography and pulmonary functional tests calculated according to the type of surgery (osteosynthesis or hip arthroplasty) carried out on 2798 patients.

A double-plating approach to distal femur fracture: A clinical study.

Background: Locked plating is one of the latest innovative options for treating supracondylar femur fractures with relatively low failure rates. Single lateral plating was often found to have a relative higher failure rate. No clinical studies of double-plating distal femur fixation have thus far been reported.

Expandable proximal femoral nails versus 95° dynamic condylar screw-plates for the treatment of reverse oblique intertrochanteric fractures.

The treatment of a simple (AO/OTA classification 31A3.1) reverse oblique intertrochanteric hip fracture is a challenge for the orthopaedic surgeon. The surgical options include the use of side plates with various angled leg screws or intramedullary devices.

[Magnetic resonance imaging of medial meniscus tears with displaced fragment in the meniscal recesses].

Purpose Of The Study: Displaced meniscus tears generally result from bucket handle tears with subsequent migration of the meniscal fragment into the intercondylar notch. More rarely, the fragment may move into the meniscal recesses. In this situation, the displaced fragment may be difficult to individualize arthroscopically, so preoperative imaging is crucial.

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with bioabsorbable polyglycolic acid interference screws: MR imaging follow-up.

Purpose: To examine at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging the degradation of an interference screw made of polyglycolic acid (67.5%) and trimethylene carbonate (32.5%) and compare the MR findings with the clinical evaluation results.

Pharmacokinetics of lamotrigine (Lamictal) in plasma and saliva.

The kinetics of lamotrigine (LTG) disposition in plasma and saliva was evaluated in patients undergoing long-term antiepileptic drug therapy. Blood and saliva samples were collected simultaneously at intervals during the study and the concentration of LTG was measured by HPLC. Concentrations of LTG in saliva were proportional to plasma LTG concentrations, with a significant (p) correlation of r = 0.

Changes of lithium elimination in acute polyuric renal failure caused by cisplatin and mercuric chloride.

Changes in lithium elimination were studied under the condition of experimentally induced polyuric acute renal failure by cisplatin (6 mg/kg body wt) or HgCl2 (3 mg/kg body wt). The histologically proven lesions of tubuli were associated with the decrease of plasma clearance of lithium (C(Li)) and polyfructosan-S (CP(FS). The decrease of these clearance values was not proportional and the ratio C(Li)/CP(FS) (indicating renal fractional excretion of Li+) increased significantly (p less than 0.

[What the data on utilization of antiepileptic agents reveals].

Using the method of expressing the consumption of anti-epileptic drugs by the number of defined daily doses per 1000 population per day (DDD/1000/d), data covering the three-year period from September 1984 to August 1987 in districts of the Czech Socialist Republic are presented in tables. The mean and liminal values are given for anti-epileptics as a whole and mean values of the phenytoin consumption in region, incl. liminal values of the percentage ratio of Sanepil (phenytoin 80 mg, phenobarbital 18.

Contribution of clinical pharmacology to a rational use of cardiac glycosides in Czechoslovakia.

In Czechoslovakia, drug utilization studies showed that oral forms of digoxin and lanatoside C are traditionally the most prescribed cardiac glycosides. Our study of the relative bioavailability of the oral form of lanatoside C revealed that the drug has a low and irregular bioavailability making use of this frequently prescribed drug non-rational. The above data definitely contributed to a sharp decrease in the use of the oral form of lanatoside C in our country, which is in agreement with consumption trends in other European countries.

Pharmacokinetics of once-daily theophylline dose following the morning versus evening administration.

The pharmacokinetics of theophylline (Uniphyllin) in blood and saliva was compared after morning and evening administration of a once-daily dose in a randomized cross-over study. Ten bronchial asthma patients received multiple doses of 800 mg theophylline at 8 a.m.

[The effect of particle size on the pharmacokinetics of piroxicam].

Two preparations of Piroxicam cps. (10 mg) VUFB Prague, prepared from crystalline and micronized substance, were compared. The release of the active ingredient into the solution in the medium of artificial gastric juice in vitro was examined.

[Utilization of cardiac glycosides in Czechoslovakia--does it correspond to need?].

The data are given on the consumption of cardiac glycosides (CD) in the CSSR over the past 18 years (1970-1987). Consumption expressed in terms of defined daily doses (DDD) permitted to construct time series of the consumption of this group of pharmacotherapeutic agents as a whole as well as individual CG and to compare the data thus obtained with similar data from abroad. The results indicate that the consumption of CG as a whole culminated in Czechoslovakia in 1983 (27.

Comparison of penetration-enhancing ability of laurocapram, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and dodecyl-L-pyroglutamate.

The study reports on penetration enhancers used to improve drug absorption through the skin. All experiments were carried out in permeation cells in vitro. Insulin (2.