Fish habitat models for a future of novel riverscapes.

Multiple anthropogenic forces have pushed river ecosystems into undesirable states with no clear understanding of how they should be best managed. The advancement of riverine fish habitat models intended to provide management insights has slowed. Investigations into theoretical and empirical gaps to define habitat more comprehensively across different scales and ecological organizations are crucial in managing the freshwater biodiversity crisis.

Finding navigation cues near fishways.

Many fish species depend on migration for various parts of their life cycle. Well-known examples include diadromous fish such as salmon and eels that need both fresh water and salt water to complete their life cycle. Migration also occurs within species that depend only on fresh water.

Individual variation in the habitat selection of upstream migrating fish near a barrier.

Background: Migration is a vital element of the life cycle of many freshwater fish species but is increasingly hampered globally by riverine barriers. Fish passes are a common approach to enable migration past barriers but are often ineffective. More knowledge is required on fish behaviour as they approach barriers such as habitat preferences.

Linking fine-scale behaviour to the hydraulic environment shows behavioural responses in riverine fish.

Background: Fish migration has severely been impacted by dam construction. Through the disruption of fish migration routes, freshwater fish communities have seen an incredible decline. Fishways, which have been constructed to mitigate the problem, have been shown to underperform.

Individual based models for the simulation of fish movement near barriers: Current work and future directions.

River fragmentation is an increasing issue for water managers and conservationists. Barriers such as dams interfere with freshwater fish migration, leading to drastic population declines. While there are a range of widely implemented mitigation approaches, e.

Reference chart for knee flexion following total knee arthroplasty: a novel tool for monitoring postoperative recovery.

Background: Clinicians and patients lack an evidence-based framework by which to judge individual-level recovery following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery, thus impeding personalized treatment approaches for this elective surgery. Our study aimed to develop and validate a reference chart for monitoring recovery of knee flexion following TKA surgery.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of data collected in routine rehabilitation practice for patients following TKA surgery.

Advocacy for use of the modified Iowa Level of Assistance Scale for clinical use in patients after hip replacement: an observational study.

Objectives: To test the internal consistency and item difficulty of the modified Iowa Level of Assistance Scale (mILAS).

Design: Retrospective observational study.

Setting: Two orthopaedic wards of two general hospitals.

Pre-operative functional mobility as an independent determinant of inpatient functional recovery after total knee arthroplasty during three periods that coincided with changes in clinical pathways.

Aims: To investigate whether pre-operative functional mobility is a determinant of delayed inpatient recovery of activities (IRoA) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in three periods that coincided with changes in the clinical pathway.

Patients And Methods: All patients (n = 682, 73% women, mean age 70 years, standard deviation 9) scheduled for TKA between 2009 and 2015 were pre-operatively screened for functional mobility by the Timed-up-and-Go test (TUG) and De Morton mobility index (DEMMI). The cut-off point for delayed IRoA was set on the day that 70% of the patients were recovered, according to the Modified Iowa Levels of Assistance Scale (mILAS) (a 5-item activity scale).

Development of a Risk Stratification Model for Delayed Inpatient Recovery of Physical Activities in Patients Undergoing Total Hip Replacement.

Study Design: Prospective cohort design using data derived from usual care.

Background: It is important that patients are able to function independently as soon as possible after total hip replacement. However, the speed of regaining activities differs significantly.

What augmented physical activity and empowerment can bring to patients receiving total knee replacement: content, implementation, and comparative effectiveness of a new function-tailored care pathway in a routine care setting.

Background: In the routine setting of the 20-bed orthopaedic ward of a regional hospital in Netherlands, we developed, implemented, and evaluated a new, function-tailored perioperative care pathway for patients receiving total knee replacement (TKR), aimed at faster functional recovery by reduction of inactivity and stimulation of self-efficacy of the patients.

Methods: To assess effectiveness, we compared, using prospectively collected data from medical files, patient groups before (n = 127) and after (n = 108) introduction of the new care pathway with respect to time to recovery of physical functioning during hospitalisation (five milestones), length of hospital stay (LoS), referrals to an inpatient rehabilitation facility, and readmissions. Multivariable regression was used to adjust results for differences between the two groups in preoperatively assessed risk factors for delayed recovery.

What preoperative patient-related factors predict inpatient recovery of physical functioning and length of stay after total hip arthroplasty? A systematic review.

Objective: To identify the preoperative patient-related characteristics predicting inpatient recovery of functioning and/or length of hospital stay after elective primary total hip arthroplasty.

Design: A search was conducted of the electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL from inception through April 2014. Observational studies were selected for systematic review if they identified clinically relevant preoperative prognostic factors and reported an association between inpatient recovery of physical functioning and/or length of hospital stay.

The impact of waiting for total joint replacement on pain and functional status: a systematic review.

Objective: To systematically describe changes in pain and functioning in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) awaiting total joint replacement (TJR), and to assess determinants of this change.

Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Cochrane Database were searched through June 2008. The reference lists of eligible publications were reviewed.

Rapid, quantitative HPLC analysis ofAsclepias fruticosa L. andDanaus plexippus L. cardenolides.

The cardenolide extracts from latex and aerial parts ofAsclepias fruticosa and ofDanaus plexippus reared onA. fruticosa orA. curassavica were purified by adsorption chromatography on silica gel.