Muscle cramps and contractures: causes and treatment.

Muscle cramps are painful, sudden, involuntary muscle contractions that are generally self-limiting. They are often part of the spectrum of normal human physiology and can be associated with a wide range of acquired and inherited causes. Cramps are only infrequently due to progressive systemic or neuromuscular diseases.

RAS and BRAF mutations in cell-free DNA are predictive for outcome of cetuximab monotherapy in patients with tissue-tested RAS wild-type advanced colorectal cancer.

In metastatic colorectal cancer, RAS and BRAF mutations cause resistance to anti-EGFR therapies, such as cetuximab. Heterogeneity in RAS and BRAF mutations might explain nonresponse in a subset of patients receiving cetuximab. Analyzing mutations in plasma-derived circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) could provide a more comprehensive overview of the mutational landscape as compared to analyses of primary and/or metastatic tumor tissue.

Decalcification of Breast Cancer Bone Metastases With EDTA Does Not Affect ER, PR, and HER2 Results.

In metastatic breast cancer (MBC), expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) guides treatment selection. In case of bone-only metastatic disease, ER, PR, and HER2 status assessment may be hampered by decalcification. We aimed to determine the optimal decalcification method, and to study discordance of receptor expression between paired primary breast tumors and optimally decalcified bone metastases.

Lesion detection by [Zr]Zr-DFO-girentuximab and [F]FDG-PET/CT in patients with newly diagnosed metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Purpose: The main objective of this preliminary analysis of the IMaging PAtients for Cancer drug selecTion (IMPACT)-renal cell cancer (RCC) study is to evaluate the lesion detection of baseline contrast-enhanced CT, [Zr]Zr-DFO-girentuximab-PET/CT and [F]FDG-PET/CT in detecting ccRCC lesions in patients with a good or intermediate prognosis metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC) according to the International Metastatic Database Consortium (IMDC) risk model.

Methods: Between February 2015 and March 2018, 42 newly diagnosed mccRCC patients with good or intermediate prognosis, eligible for watchful waiting, were included. Patients underwent CT, [Zr]Zr-DFO-girentuximab-PET/CT and [F]FDG-PET/CT at baseline.

A clinicopathological study and prognostic factor analysis of 177 salivary duct carcinoma patients from The Netherlands.

Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a subtype of salivary gland cancer with a dismal prognosis and a need for better prognostication and novel treatments. The aim of this national cohort study was to investigate clinical outcome, prognostic factors, androgen receptor (AR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression. SDC patients diagnosed between 1990 and 2014 were identified by the Nationwide Network and Registry of Histo- and Cytopathology in the Netherlands (PALGA).

Androgen deprivation therapy for androgen receptor-positive advanced salivary duct carcinoma: A nationwide case series of 35 patients in The Netherlands.

Background: Salivary duct carcinoma, an aggressive subtype of salivary gland cancer, is mostly androgen receptor-positive. Only limited data are available on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).

Methods: Patients with advanced androgen receptor-positive salivary duct carcinoma treated with first-line ADT were retrospectively evaluated for clinical benefit (ie, partial response [PR] and stable disease, progression-free survival [PFS] and overall survival [OS]).

Impact of chemotherapy on the outcome of osteosarcoma of the head and neck in adults.

Background: There is an ongoing debate about the value of (neo-)adjuvant chemotherapy in high- and intermediate-grade osteosarcoma of the head and neck.

Methods: All records of patients older than 16 years diagnosed with osteosarcoma of the head and neck in the Netherlands between 1993 and 2013 were reviewed.

Results: We identified a total of 77 patients with an osteosarcoma of the head and neck; the 5-year overall survival (OS) was 55%.

Structural differences between two types of basidiomycete septal pore caps.

The septal pore cap (SPC) of Trichosporon sporotrichoides CBS 8245 is vesicular-tubular, connected with flat-tubular endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and stains densely with zinc/iodine/osmium tetroxide, as does the ER. The SPC of Schizophyllum commune CBS 340.81 is more complex, about 600 nm in diameter, with perforations of 80-120 nm diameter, and stains less densely with zinc/iodine/osmium tetroxide than the ER.