Virulent and necrotrophic strategies of Bacillus thuringiensis in susceptible and resistant insects, Galleria mellonella.

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is one of the most common entomopathogenic bacteria used as a biopesticide, and source of endotoxin genes for generating insect-resistant transgenic plants. The mechanisms underpinning an insect's susceptibility or resistance to B. thuringiensis are diverse.

Polymorph-Dependent Phosphorescence of Cyclometalated Platinum(II) Complexes and Its Relation to Non-covalent Interactions.

Cyclometalated platinum(II) complexes [Pt(ppy)Cl(CNAr)] (ppy = 2-phenylpyridinato-C,; Ar = CH-2-I , CH-4-I , CH-2-F-4-I , and CH-2,4-I ) bearing ancillary isocyanide ligands were obtained by the bridge-splitting reaction between the dimer [Pt(ppy)(μ-Cl)] and 2 equiv any one of the corresponding CNAr. Complex was crystallized in two polymorphic forms, namely, and , exhibiting green (emission quantum yield of 0.5%) and orange (emission quantum yield of 12%) phosphorescence, respectively.

Thieno[2,3-b]pyridines--a new class of multidrug resistance (MDR) modulators.

To identify new potent multidrug resistance modulators, we have synthesized a series of novel thieno[2,3-b]pyridines and furo[2,3-b]pyridines, and examined their structure-activity relationships. All synthesized compounds were tested to determine BCRP1, P-gp, and MRP1 inhibitor activity, and most potent MDR modulators were also screened for their toxicity, cytotoxicity and Ca(2+) channel antagonist activity. Among these compounds, thieno[2,3-b]pyridine (6r) was found to exhibit a potent P-gp inhibitory action with EC50 = 0.