Castration of Male Mice Induces Metabolic Remodeling of the Heart.

Androgen deprivation therapy of prostate cancer, which suppresses serum testosterone to castrate levels, is associated with increased risk of heart failure. Here we tested the hypothesis that castration alters cardiac energy substrate uptake, which is tightly coupled to the regulation of cardiac structure and function. Short-term (3-4 weeks) surgical castration of male mice reduced the relative heart weight.

Testosterone reduces metabolic brown fat activity in male mice.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) burns substantial amounts of mainly lipids to produce heat. Some studies indicate that BAT activity and core body temperature are lower in males than females. Here we investigated the role of testosterone and its receptor (the androgen receptor; AR) in metabolic BAT activity in male mice.

Androgen Receptors in Epithelial Cells Regulate Thymopoiesis and Recent Thymic Emigrants in Male Mice.

Androgens have profound effects on T cell homeostasis, including regulation of thymic T lymphopoiesis (thymopoiesis) and production of recent thymic emigrants (RTEs), i. e., immature T cells that derive from the thymus and continue their maturation to mature naïve T cells in secondary lymphoid organs.

Testosterone Protects Against Atherosclerosis in Male Mice by Targeting Thymic Epithelial Cells-Brief Report.

Objective: Androgen deprivation therapy has been associated with increased cardiovascular risk in men. Experimental studies support that testosterone protects against atherosclerosis, but the target cell remains unclear. T cells are important modulators of atherosclerosis, and deficiency of testosterone or its receptor, the AR (androgen receptor), induces a prominent increase in thymus size.

Increased Intimal Hyperplasia After Vascular Injury in Male Androgen Receptor-Deficient Mice.

Intimal hyperplasia is a vascular pathological process involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Data suggest that T, the most important sex steroid hormone in males, protects men from atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. T mainly acts via the androgen receptor (AR), and in this study we evaluated formation of intimal hyperplasia in male AR knockout (ARKO) mice using a vascular injury model.