Mitochondrial Alterations in Alzheimer's Disease: Insight from the 5xFAD Mouse Model.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a key factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, but the precise relationship between mitochondrial dynamics and proteinopathies in AD remains unclear. This study investigates the role of mitochondrial dynamics and function in the hippocampal tissue and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 5xFAD transgenic mice, as a model of AD. The levels of mitochondrial fusion proteins OPA1 and MFN2 and fission proteins DRP1 and phospho-DRP1 (S616) at 3, 6, and 9 months of age were assessed.

Efficacy and Reliability of Percutaneous Gigli Saw Osteotomy in Midfoot Surgery: A Cadaver Study.

Background: Midfoot osteotomy is often used in the surgical treatment of foot deformities. The percutaneous Gigli saw osteotomy (PGSO) technique has many advantages compared with known osteotomy techniques. We aimed to show the efficacy and reliability of the PGSO technique in the midfoot of fresh frozen cadavers without using an image intensifier.

Is denervation surgery possible in the treatment of hallux rigidus? An anatomic study of cadaveric specimens.

Objective: The aim of this study was to provide anatomic considerations in the first metatarsophalangeal joint (FMPJ) innervation and to evaluate the feasibility of the denervation surgery in the treatment of hallux rigidus.

Methods: In this cadaveric study, 14 fresh frozen cadaveric transtibial amputation specimens was used. For nerve dissection, dorsal and plantar longitudinal incision centered over the FMPJ were performed.

Hair diameter measurements for planning follicular unit extraction surgery (FUE): Is there a correlation between the micrometer caliper and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) findings?

Background: Hair shaft diameter is one of the most important factors for the outcome of follicular unit extraction (FUE) surgery. In fact, the hair shaft is elliptical. Therefore, it has a long and short axis.

Immunocytochemical and ultrastructural organization of the taste thalamus of the tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri).

Ventroposterior medialis parvocellularis (VPMP) nucleus of the primate thalamus receives direct input from the nucleus of the solitary tract, whereas the homologous thalamic structure in the rodent does not. To reveal whether the synaptic circuitries in these nuclei lend evidence for conservation of design principles in the taste thalamus across species or across sensory thalamus in general, we characterized the ultrastructural and molecular properties of the VPMP in a close relative of primates, the tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri), and compared these to known properties of the taste thalamus in rodent, and the visual thalamus in mammals. Electron microscopy analysis to categorize the synaptic inputs in the VPMP revealed that the largest-size terminals contained many vesicles and formed large synaptic zones with thick postsynaptic density on multiple, medium-caliber dendrite segments.

Hamstring autograft and anatomical footprint evaluation for anterior talofibular ligament reconstruction: Cadaveric study.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate whether or not there was any incompatibility between two-strand hamstring tendons taken from the same knee and the ATFL and it was the determination of suitable footprint points in the fibula and talus for anatomical ATFL reconstruction.

Methods: 16 fresh frozen cadaver specimens were dissected to gracilis and semitendinosus tendons and the anterior talofibular ligament. The origins, insertions, distances from osseous landmarks of fibular talus of ATFL were determined.

A comparison of EFECE systems with tension band wiring for patella fracture fixation in cadavers.

Background: EFECE systems are newly defined internal fixation systems, which are suitable for patella fracture fixation. The aim of this study was to compare the fixation strength of EFECE Systems with tension band wiring for transverse patellar fracture simulation on fresh frozen cadaver models.

Methods: Quadriceps tendon-patella-patellar tendon (QT-P-PT) complex was prepared from human cadavers.

Analysis of Subcutaneous Anterior Transposition versus in-situ Decompression of Ulnar Nerve with Force Transducer in Cadaver Specimen.

Aim: To evaluate the changes in the pressure values of the ulnar nerve after in-situ decompression and anterior subcutaneous transposition of the ulnar nerve.

Material And Methods: The ulnar nerve was released in the postcondylar groove. An ultrathin (100 lm) force transducer was embedded between the posterior of the ulnar nerve and the anterior of the medial epicondyle.

Percutaneous Plantar Fascia Release With Needle: Anatomic Evaluation with Cadaveric Specimens.

Percutaneous plantar fascia release with needle is a novel procedure for the treatment of plantar fasciitis. The objective of this cadaveric study is to perform an anatomic evaluation of the percutaneous plantar fascia release method using a conventional hypodermic needle. In this study, we used 14 fresh-frozen cadaveric trans-tibial amputation specimens.

Biomechanical and Morphometric Properties of the Long Flexor Tendons of the Toes: A Cadaver Study.

Background: We sought to show the biomechanical and morphometric properties of flexor hallucis longus (FHL) and flexor digitorum longus (FDL) tendon grafts harvested by specific surgical approaches and to assess the contribution of FHL slips to the long flexor tendons of the toes.

Methods: Thirteen fresh-frozen amputated feet (average age, 79 years) were dissected. The connections between the FHL and FDL tendons and the contribution of FHL slips to the long flexor tendons were classified.

Comparing Dimensions of Four-Strand Hamstring Tendon Grafts with Native Anterior and Posterior Cruciate Ligaments.

. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether or not there was any incompatibility between four-strand hamstring tendons taken from the same knee and the dimensions of the ACL and PCL. .

Early Onset of Atherosclerosis of The Carotid Bifurcation in Newborn Cadavers.

Introduction: The anatomy of arterial bifurcations affects blood flow and has a significant role in the development of vascular disease. Therefore, it is important to know the structural characteristics of the Common Carotid Artery (CCA) and its branches for early onset of atherosclerosis in newborns.

Aim: The present study was conducted to evaluate the characteristics of CCA in newborn cadavers.