Effect of the Dexamethasone-Ondansetron Combination Versus Dexamethasone-Aprepitant Combination to Prevent Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting.

Objective: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common problem associated with general anaesthesia. The incidence can be as high as 80% in high-risk patients. Our primary objective was to compare the efficacy of the combination of dexamethasone-ondansetron and dexamethasone-aprepitant in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.

Isolation rates and antibiotic susceptibilities of different species as urinary tract infection agents in Turkey: a systematic review.

Background/aim: In Turkey, few systematic reviews have analyzed the results of studies on the isolation rates of urinary tract infection agents and their antibiotic susceptibilities. This review was done to fill this gap and enable the correct application of guideline-based medical therapy by determining the isolation rates and antibiotic susceptibilities of different species in Turkey.

Materials And Methods: Relevant studies found from various databases with the help of previously specified search strategies were examined and eliminated according to eligibility criteria.

Comparison of Dexamethasone-Dimenhydrinate and Dexamethasone-Ondansetron in Prevention of Nausea and Vomiting in Postoperative Patients.

Introduction: Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting is one of the most common problems after implementation of general anesthesia. The incidence can reach 80% in high-risk patients, depending on the type of surgery. In our study, we aimed to compare dexamethasone-dimenhydrinate and dexamethasone-ondansetron combinations in prevention of nausea and vomiting in postoperative patients.

Investigation of the association between mitochondrial DNA and gene mutations in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

Bladder carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the urinary tract. The major aim of the present study is to investigate the association between mitochondrial DNA () and gene mutations in bladder carcinoma. A total of 30 patients with transitional cell carcinoma and 27 controls were recruited for the study.

Effects of MC4R, FTO, and NMB gene variants to obesity, physical activity, and eating behavior phenotypes.

Obesity is a major contributory factor of morbidity and mortality. It has been suggested that biological systems may be involved in the tendency to be and to remain physically inactive also behaviors such as food and beverage preferences and nutrient intake may at least partially genetically determined. Consequently, besides environment, genetic factors may also contribute to the level of physical activity and eating behaviors thus effect obesity.

The frequency and the effects of 21-hydroxylase gene defects in congenital adrenal hyperplasia patients.

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of genetic endocrine disorders, caused by enzyme deficiencies in the conversion of cholesterol to cortisol. More than 90% of the cases have 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD). The clinical phenotype of the disease is classified as classic, the severe form, and nonclassic, the mild form.

Effect of ketamine versus alfentanil following midazolam in preventing emergence agitation in children after sevoflurane anaesthesia: a prospective randomized clinical trial.

Objective: To investigate the effect of intranasal ketamine versus alfentanil in addition to oral midazolam for the prevention of emergence agitation in children.

Methods: Children undergoing urological surgery with sevoflurane anaesthesia received oral midazolam 40 min before induction and were then randomly assigned to receive 2 mg/kg ketamine, 10 µg/kg alfentanil or 1 ml isotonic saline intranasally. Parental separation status and mask acceptance were assessed preoperatively.

An earplug technique to reduce the gag reflex during dental procedures.

Background: The gag reflex is a frequent problem occurring during dental treatment procedures, especially while making impressions of the maxillary teeth. The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a simple earplug as an external auditory canal stimulator to supress the profound gag reflex and as a second step, to map areas of the oropharynx suppressed by this technique.

Methods: In the first step of the study, 90 patients who had a gag reflex during the impression procedure were allocated to a study group, a sham group, and a control group for evaluating the efficacy of the earplug technique.

The short appendix vermiformis as a risk factor for colorectal cancer.

The human appendix vermiformis is regarded as an evolutionarily vestigial organ, although it has presumptive immune system functions and appears to support beneficial bacterial gut flora, both of which could influence cancer progression. A review of the comparative anatomy of the mammalian appendix reveals a significantly longer appendix in herbivores than in carnivorous animals. The lengthier appendix vermiformis in herbivores has been associated with the presence of cellulose-digesting bacteria that colonize the structure.

A comparison of two different doses of bupivacaine in caudal anesthesia for neonatal circumcision. A randomized clinical trial.

Background: We aimed to compare the analgesia quality of caudal block of low volume, high concentration bupivacaine to the conventionally used volumes and concentrations of the drug in neonates undergoing circumcision with sole caudal anesthesia.

Methods: Fifty neonates, undergoing circumcision were randomly assigned to low volume high concentration (group LVHC, n=25) and control groups (group C, n=25). Both groups received a caudal injection: Group LVHC 0.

Risk factors for acute kidney injury after hip fracture surgery in the elderly individuals.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate possible risk factors assocıated wıth acute kidney injury (AKI) after hip fracture surgery in the elderly individuals.

Design: Level II diagnostic study, evidence obtained from prospective cohort study from 1 center with level 2, and 3 patients.

Patients: A total of 165 patients (>65 years) with femoral neck fracture were enrolled in this prospective study between 2007 and 2010.

Knowledge and attitudes towards complementary and alternative medicine among medical students in Turkey.

Objective: This study aims to examine knowledge and attitudes towards Complementary and Alternative Medicine among medical students in Turkey, and find out whether they want to be trained in Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out between October and December 2010 among medical students. Data were collected from a total of seven medical schools.