Exploring in vitro efficacy of rCHAPk with antibiotic combinations, and promising findings of its therapeutic potential for clinical-originated MRSA wound infection.

The increasing threat of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, particularly Staphylococcus aureus, which rapidly develops multidrug resistance and commonly colonizes wound surfaces, demands innovative strategies. Phage-encoded endolysins offer a dual-purpose approach as topical therapies for infectious skin wounds and synergistic agents to reduce high-dose antibiotic dependence. This study explores recombinant CHAPk (rCHAPk), efficiently synthesized within 3 h, displaying broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against 11 Gram-positive strains, including resistant variants, with rapid bactericidal kinetics.

Novel therapeutic approaches targeting 5-HT7 receptors outside the central nervous system.

Serotonin (5-HT) is a neurotransmitter found throughout the human body that regulates many physiological events arising from the brain and central nervous system (CNS), such as sleep and appetite. However, it has many other functions in systems outside. In addition to the routine expression of 5-HT7 receptors in CNS regions, such as the pituitary gland, spinal cord, and hippocampus, many studies have reported the expression of these receptors in pathological conditions outside.

Targeting Aquaporin-5 by Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibition Offers New Therapeutic Opportunities for Ovarian Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Rats.

This study aimed to examine the effect of Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibition on Aquaporin-5 (AQP5) and its potential cell signaling pathway in the ovarian ischemia reperfusion (OIR) model. Thirty adult female rats were divided into five groups: Group 1; Control: Sham operation, Group 2; OIR that 3 hour ischemia followed by 3 hour reperfusion, Group 3; OIR + Rolipram 1 mg/kg, Group 4; OIR + Rolipram 3 mg/kg, Group 5; OIR + Rolipram 5 mg/kg. Rolipram was administered intraperitoneally to the rats in groups 3-4 and 5 at determined doses 30 minutes before reperfusion.

Investigation of the effects of urotensin II receptors in LPS-induced inflammatory response in HUVEC cell line through calcineurin/NFATc/IL-2 pathway.

Purpose: The effect of urotensin II (U-II), a powerful endogenous vasoconstrictor substance, on the immune system and its mediators is very important. It was herein aimed to demonstrate the possible relationship between the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1/interleukin-2 (CaN/NFATc/IL-2) pathway and urotensin receptors (UTRs) in inflammatory response due to lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Methods: An LPS-induced inflammation model was used on the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) cell line and drugs were applied accordingly, forming the following groups: Control Group, LPS Group, Agonist Group (10 ​M U-II), Antagonist Group (10 ​M palosuran), Tacrolimus (TAC) Group (10 ​ng/mL FK-506), Agonist ​+ ​TAC Group, and Antagonist ​+ ​TAC Group.

Effect of trimetazidine against ovarian ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat model: A new pathway: JAK2/STAT3.

Objectives: Ovarian ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is an extremely complex pathological problem that begins with oxygen deprivation, progresses to excessive free radical production, and intensifies inflammation. The JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway is a multipurpose signaling transcript channel that plays a role in several biological functions. Trimetazidine (TMZ) is a cellular anti-ischemic agent.

Fisetin Attenuates Paracetamol-Induced Hepatotoxicity by Regulating CYP2E1 Enzyme.

Paracetamol is one of the drugs that cause hepatic damage. Fisetin has wide pharmacological effects such as anticancer, antiinflammatory and antioxidant. We aimed to evaluate the possible protective effect of fisetin on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity.

Antipsychotics Induced Reproductive Toxicity by Stimulating Oxidative Stress: A Comparative in Vivo and in Silico Study.

The pathophysiological mechanism behind the link between antipsychotic drugs and sexual dysfunction is still unknown. The goal of this research is to compare the potential effects of antipsychotics on the male reproductive system. Fifty rats were randomly assigned into the five groups indicated: Control, Haloperidol, Risperidone, Quetiapine and Aripiprazole.

The determination of the protective role of sildenafil administration in rats with sepsis-induced liver injury.

Background: Sepsis is a complex syndrome which comes out after infection, characterized by activation of inflammation and infection and has a high morbidity and mortality. Sildenafil (SLD) is a selective phosphodiesterase Type 5 enzyme inhibitor and is used in the treatment of erectile dysfunction effectively all over the world. In this study, we investigated whether SLD had protective effect or not by studying the effect of SLD on reactive oxygen species and antioxidants in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) polymicrobial sepsis model in rat liver histopathologically and biochemically.

A New Target in Inflammatory Diseases: Lycopene.

Inflammation is a response to various injuries, illnesses, and severe trauma. The primary function of inflammation is to combat pathogens, eliminate them from the body, and initiate wound healing. However, inflammation also contributes to numerous diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and asthma.

Potential role of angiotensin converting enzyme/neprilysin pathway and protective effects of omapatrilat for paracetamol‑induced acute liver injury.

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an important pathway that contributes to the pathophysiology of acute liver injury due to paracetamol toxicity. Omapatrilat, a RAAS-acting agent, inhibits both angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and neprilysin/neutral endopeptidase (NEP). The aim of the present study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of omapatrilat and examine the role of ACE/NEP pathway on the physiopathology of paracetamol toxicity.

Avanafil as a Novel Therapeutic Agent Against LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury via Increasing CGMP to Downregulate the TLR4-NF-κB-NLRP3 Inflammasome Signaling Pathway.

Aim: We demonstrate the effect of PDE5 inhibitors in cases of acute lung injury via the relationship between cGMP/NO and the TLR4-NF-κB-NLRP3 pathway.

Materials And Methods: This study was performed with 30 male Wistar albino rats. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was administered intratracheally to the rats and acute lung injury (ALI) was induced.

Bosentan, a drug used in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension, can prevent development of osteoporosis.

Objectives: We examined the antiosteoporotic effect of bosentan (Bose) by radiographic, histopathological, and molecular methods.

Materials And Methods: Rats were divided into 4 groups of 8 rats each: one control (Sham), one osteoporosis only (OP), and two osteoporosis groups treated with Bose doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg (OP+Bose50, OP+Bose100). Six weeks later, Bose was administered for eight weeks to animals undergoing ovariectomy.

The serum amino acid profile in COVID-19.

The pandemic of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 affects millions of people worldwide. There are still many unknown aspects to this infection which affects the whole world. In addition, the potential impacts caused by this infection are still unclear.

Does daily fasting shielding kidney on hyperglycemia-related inflammatory cytokine via TNF-α, NLRP3, TGF-β1 and VCAM-1 mRNA expression.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of blood glucose control and the kidneys' functions, depending on fasting, in the streptozotocin-induced diabetes model in rats via TNF-α, NLRP-3, TGF-β1 and VCAM-1 mRNA expression in the present study. 32 Wistar albino rats were allocated randomly into four main groups; H (Healthy, n = 6), HF (Healthy fasting, n = 6), D (Diabetes, n = 10), DF (Diabetes and fasting, n = 10). Blood glucose and HbA1c levels significantly increased in the D group compared to the healthy ones (p < 0.

The Effects of Agomelatine Treatment on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Septic Lung Injuries in Rats.

Objective: We designed an experimental model of sepsis in rats to investigate the effects of agomelatine (AGO) on lung tissues using molecular and histopathological methods.

Materials And Methods: In our experimental model, the 32 rats were divided into 4 groups: group 1: control group (HEALTHY); group 2: lipopolysaccharide group (LPS); group 3: LPS plus 50 mg/kg AGO group (LPS + AGO50); and group 4: LPS plus 100 mg/kg AGO group (LPS + AGO100). An LPS-induced sepsis model was performed to replicate the pathology of sepsis.

Phloretin and phloridzin guard against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in mice through inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation.

Aim: Cisplatin (Cis) is widely used chemotherapeutic and has some serious side effects as nephrotoxicity. Phloretin (PH) and Phloridzin (PZ) are known their anti-oxidant anti-inflammatory effects. We aimed to examine the protective effects of PH and PZ on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.

Isolation of Major Compounds and Gastroprotective Activity of on Indomethacin Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats.

Objective: The genus, which belongs to the Rosaceae family, is known as Lady's mantle and is commonly used in traditional medicine. This study was designed to investigate the major metabolites isolation and gastroprotective effects of .

Materials And Methods: Phytochemical studies were carried out using column chromatography on .

Investigation of the Role of Stimulation and Blockade of 5-HT Receptors in Ketamine Anesthesia.

Although several pieces of evidence have indicated the ability of the serotonin-7 receptor (5-HTR) to modulate N-methyl--aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activation, the possible impact on ketamine anesthesia has not been examined directly. The purpose of the present study is thus to investigate the possible role of the 5-HTR in ketamine anesthesia using a 5-HTR agonist and/or antagonist. The influence of a 5-HTR agonist/antagonist on ketamine anesthesia for behavioral impact was assessed by testing potential anesthetic parameters.

Can aprepitant used for nausea and vomiting be good gastrointestinal complaints?

Aprepitant is a selective SP/NK-1 receptor antagonist and used in postoperative and chemotherapeutics induced emesis and vomiting. The aim of our study is to show aprepitant may have beneficial effects on gastrointestinal complaints in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapeutics by indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer model. A total of 48 rats were fasted 24 h for ulcer experiment.

Possible contribution of the neprilysin/ACE pathway to sepsis in mice.

Aim: Omapatrilat is an antagonist of angiotensin-converting (ACE) and neprilysin-neuropeptidase (NEP) enzymes. The aim of our study is to show that omapatrilat may have beneficial effects as a treatment for polymicrobial sepsis.

Main Methods: A cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) sepsis model was used to evaluate 10 and 20 mg/kg doses of omapatrilat in mice (n = 30) fasted for 12 h.

LP44 (4-[2-(methylthio)phenyl]-N-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl)-1-piperazinehexanamide) exerts anti-ulcer effects via 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7 activation on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats.

Aim: This study aimed to demonstrate the role of serotonin 7 receptor (5-HT) and the effects of 5-HT agonists and antagonists in an indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer.

Material And Method: Male albino Wistar rats (n = 60) were used in the experiments. LP44 (5-HT agonist) and SB269970 (5-HT antagonist) were administered at 10 mg/kg as a pre-treatment.

A novel effect of Aprepitant: Protection for cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity.

Cisplatin is widely used chemotherapeutic drug and have some serious side effects as tissue toxicity and nausea and vomiting. Aprepitant is used in clinic as an anti-emetic drug for cisplatin treated patient to prevent nausea and vomiting. We aimed to investigate the protective effects of Aprepitant on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity.

Regenerative Effect of Resorbable Scaffold Embedded Boron-Nitride/Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles in Rat Parietal Bone.

BN has important roles in several physiological events, including bone growth and immune system. New infection-free cranioplasty and has an osteogenic activities material that are compatible with tissue are being developed. We aimed in our study to examine whether different combinations of Boron-nitride/Hydroxyapatite are embedded into the scaffold in the treatment of calvarial defects.