Evaluation of cognitive functions in the elderly with and without central auditory processing disorder.

Purpose: Evaluate and compare the performance of cognitive functions between elderly with and without auditory processing disorders.

Methods: Twenty-eight healthy elderly (14 Control group and 14 Auditory Processing Disorder group - APD group) participated in the study. All elderly were submitted to (central) auditory processing evaluation, P300 event-related potential and brief cognitive battery (BCB).

Stroke in children and adolescents: Analysis of electrophysiological and behavioral assessment findings of auditory processing.

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the auditory processing behavior of children and adolescents diagnosed with stroke and compare it with that of typically developing individuals.

Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study involving 48 participants aged between 7 and 17 years with adequate schooling for age and grade, allocated equally to two groups: Stroke (SG) and Control Groups (CG). For the SG, cases identified between 2003 and 2018 were considered.

Dichotic Sentences Test Performance of Adults with communication complaints.

Purpose: To analyze the performance of normal-hearing adults with communication complaints in the Dichotic Sentences Test.

Methods: We selected from the database 15 normal-hearing participants with normal results in the Digits Dichotic Test, aged between 19 and 44 years, right-handed, who reported communicative complaints. The Dichotic Sentences Test was applied using two protocols consisting of four different combinations of lists called sequences 1 and 2, in the following order: training, divided attention step, right and left directed attention steps.

Auditory temporal resolution and backward masking in musicians with absolute pitch.

Among the many questions regarding the ability to effortlessly name musical notes without a reference, also known as absolute pitch, the neural processes by which this phenomenon operates are still a matter of debate. Although a perceptual subprocess is currently accepted by the literature, the participation of some aspects of auditory processing still needs to be determined. We conducted two experiments to investigate the relationship between absolute pitch and two aspects of auditory temporal processing, namely temporal resolution and backward masking.

The Discourse Profile in Corticobasal Syndrome: A Comprehensive Clinical and Biomarker Approach.

The aim of this study was to characterize the oral discourse of CBS patients and to verify whether measures obtained during a semi-spontaneous speech production could differentiate CBS patients from controls. A second goal was to compare the performance of patients with CBS probably due to Alzheimer's disease (CBS-AD) pathology and CBS not related to AD (CBS-non-AD) in the same measures, based on the brain metabolic status (FDG-PET) and in the presence of amyloid deposition (amyloid-PET). Results showed that CBS patients were significantly different from controls in speech rate, lexical level, informativeness, and syntactic complexity.

Brazilian practice guidelines for stroke rehabilitation: Part II.

The Brazilian Practice Guidelines for Stroke Rehabilitation - Part II, developed by the Scientific Department of Neurological Rehabilitation of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology (Academia Brasileira de Neurologia, in Portuguese), focuses on specific rehabilitation techniques to aid recovery from impairment and disability after stroke. As in Part I, Part II is also based on recently available evidence from randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and other guidelines. Part II covers disorders of communication, dysphagia, postural control and balance, ataxias, spasticity, upper limb rehabilitation, gait, cognition, unilateral spatial neglect, sensory impairments, home rehabilitation, medication adherence, palliative care, cerebrovascular events related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, the future of stroke rehabilitation, and stroke websites to support patients and caregivers.

Evidence of Validity and Normative Values of a New Auditory Backward Masking Test.

There are still no valid, clinically feasible instruments to assess backward masking (BM), an auditory temporal processing (ATP) phenomenon. The aim of this study was to develop, standardize and present evidence of validity for a behavioral test for BM assessment. Young adults were submitted to a BM test (BMT), where they were asked to identify a 1000 Hz pure tone followed by a narrowband noise with interstimulus intervals of 0 to 400 ms and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) between -20 and -30 dB.

Sensory profile of children with Central Auditory Processing Disorder (CAPD).

Purpose: To analyze the sensory profile of children with auditory sensory processing disorder according to the Child Sensory Profile 2 and to verify potential associations between central auditory processing and sensory processing.

Methods: Sixty children from two public schools in the city of João Pessoa, state of Paraíba, were evaluated. All children had their cognitive skills tested and their socioeconomic and demographic information collected.

Executive Function and Sensory Processing in Dichotic Listening of Young Adults with Listening Difficulties.

Previous studies have suggested that varying attention demands in dichotic listening (DL) tasks might be a clinically feasible method to distinguish 'bottom-up' from 'top-down' deficits in listening. This study aims to investigate DL processing in adults with listening difficulties (LD). We assessed the performance of a listening difficulties group (LDG) ( = 24, mean age = 24, backward digit span = 4.

Investigation of the neural discrimination of acoustic characteristics of speech sounds in normal-hearing individuals through Frequency-following Response (FFR).

Purpose: To evaluate how the auditory pathways encode and discriminate the plosive syllables [ga], [da] and [ba] using the auditory evoked Frequency-following Response (FFR) in children with typical development.

Methods: Twenty children aged 6-12 years were evaluated using the FFR for the [ga], [da] and [ba] stimuli. The stimuli were composed of six formants and were differentiated in the F2 to F3 transition (transient portion).

Language in corticobasal syndrome: a systematic review.

Unlabelled: Language is commonly impacted in corticobasal syndrome (CBS). However, the profile and type of language assessment in CBS are poorly studied.

Objective: To identify language impairments in CBS.

Dichotic sentence identification test in Portuguese: a study in young adults.

Introduction: Among the currently-applied auditory processing tests, dichotic listening tests have been widely used, since they allow investigating the hemispheric and inter-hemispheric function and their respective skills to process the received auditory information.

Objective: To obtain normality reference measures with the new dichotic sentence identification test in right-handed adults with normal hearing.

Methods: Quantitative, observational, cross-sectional study.

The Role of Phonological, Auditory Sensory and Cognitive Skills on Word Reading Acquisition: A Cross-Linguistic Study.

Despite considerable evidence regarding the influence of orthography on reading processing, the impact of orthographic depth on reading predictors remains unclear. In addition, it also remains unknown the role of the orthography in the influence of auditory temporal processing and attention skills on word reading skills. The current study investigates the word reading predictors in a group of British and Brazilian children with typical development considering phonological, auditory sensory, short-term memory, and sustained attention skills.

Performance of public and private school students in auditory processing, receptive vocabulary, and reading comprehension.

Purpose: To characterize the performance of 5th grade students from public and private elementary schools in auditory processing, receptive vocabulary, and reading comprehension.

Methods: The study sample was composed of 34 Elementary School (5th grade) students: 16 from public school (PubG) and 18 from private school (PrivG), whose parents and teachers responded to questionnaires on their language development, socioeconomic level, and academic performance. The auditory skills of figure-ground, association between auditory and visual stimuli, figure-ground for linguistic sounds, binaural integration, temporal ordering, and temporal resolution were assessed using the following auditory behavioral instruments: Pediatric Speech Intelligibility (PSI) test, Dichotic Digits Test (DDT), Auditec® Frequency Pattern Test (FPT), and Gaps-in-Noise (GIN) test.

The influence of oral language environment on auditory development.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the auditory processing of hearing children who were immersed in an oral language environment during early childhood with that of children who were poorly exposed to oral language during the same period.

Methods: Sixty children aged between 5 and 10 years participated in this study. They were divided in two groups.

GIN Test: A Meta-Analysis on Its Neurodiagnostic Value.

Purpose: A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate how effective the Gaps-in-Noise (GIN) test is in separating populations who are and who are not at risk of having neurological damage related to the central auditory nervous system (CANS). This was investigated by asking three specific questions: (1) Does ear and side of lesion have an effect over the individual's performance? (2) How large is the difference in performance between control and neurological groups? (3) What are the diagnostic indices related to the GIN test?

Data Collection And Analysis: A literature review was performed between April 2016 and April 2017. The eligibility criteria for inclusion were as follows: (1) studies that used the GIN test as an outcome measure, (2) studies that included adult participants who either had confirmed lesions or were at risk of having lesions to the CANS or related regions, and (3) studies that had a neurologically normal control group.

The effectiveness of an auditory temporal training program in children who present voiceless/voiced-based orthographic errors.

Introduction: Studies on children's written production of the Brazilian Portuguese have shown that one of the most frequent phonological-based orthographic errors is the one related to voiceless/voiced phonemes. Children who make this type of error may have auditory temporal processing disorders, which can harm the perception of phonemes with similar characteristics.

Aim: Verify the effectiveness of an auditory temporal training program based on activities adapted from the software Fast ForWord in the auditory temporal processing, i.

Ongoing maturation in the time-compressed speech test.

Objectives: To verify the neuromaturational influence in the ability of auditory closure, that is, to verify the performance of children and young adults in the ability of auditory closure, through the time compressed speech test (TCS).

Methods: Thirty children (8 to 10 years old) and 30 young adults (16 to 24 years old) with normal hearing without complaints (neurological, cognitive, auditory processing) who performed TFC (monosyllables and disyllables) with a compression ratio of 60% in both ears. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and ANOVA with repeated measures with a significance level of 0.

Musical and temporal auditory skills in cochlear implant users after music therapy.

Purpose: Verify the performance of musical perception and temporal auditory resolution and ordering skills in pre- and post-music therapy patients with cochlear implants (CI).

Methods: Study participants were 11 postlingual CI users with mean age of 47.64 years.

Efficacy of auditory training using the Programa de Escuta no Ruído (PER) software in students with auditory processing disorders and poor school performance.

Purpose: Investigate the efficacy of auditory training in students with auditory processing disorders and poor school performance using the software Programa de Escuta no Ruído (PER), which addresses auditory processing skills, specifically listening in noise.

Methods: Eighteen children aged 8-10 years, of both genders, participated in this study. All individuals participated in the following stages: pre-intervention assessment, intervention (consisting of placebo training, re-evaluation of auditory processing, and auditory training), and post-intervention assessment, so that the same individual is self-control.

Auditory Processing Performance of the Middle-Aged and Elderly: Auditory or Cognitive Decline?

Background: Despite the well-established relationship between aging and auditory processing decline, identifying the extent to which age effect is the main factor on auditory processing performance remains a great challenge due to the co-occurrence of age-related hearing loss and age-related cognitive decline as potential confounding factors.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of age-related hearing loss and working memory on the clinical evaluation of auditory processing of middle-aged and elderly.

Research Design: Cross-sectional study.

Effect of education on listening comprehension of sentences on healthy elderly: analysis of number of correct responses and task execution time.

Purpose: To analyze the effect of education on sentence listening comprehension on cognitively healthy elderly.

Methods: A total of 111 healthy elderly, aged 60-80 years of both genders were divided into two groups according to educational level: low education (0-8 years of formal education) and high education (≥9 years of formal education). The participants were assessed using the Revised Token Test, an instrument that supports the evaluation of auditory comprehension of orders with different working memory and syntactic complexity demands.

Medial olivocochlear function in children with poor speech-in-noise performance and language disorder.

Objectives: Contralateral masking of transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions is a phenomenon that suggests an inhibitory effect of the olivocochlear efferent auditory pathway. Many studies have been inconclusive in demonstrating a clear connection between this system and a behavioral speech-in-noise listening skill. The purpose of this study was to investigate the activation of a medial olivocochlear (MOC) efferent in children with poor speech-in-noise (PSIN) performance and children with language impairment and PSIN (SLI + PSIN).