Publications by authors named "Eliana Matos"
Laboratory-based study of drug resistance and genotypic profile of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis isolates in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop
July 2022
Background: Surveillance of multidrug resistant/extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/XDR-TB) is essential to guide disease dissemination control measures. Brazil contributes to a significant fraction of tuberculosis (TB) cases worldwide, but only few reports addressed MDR/XDR-TB in the country.
Methods: This cross-sectional, laboratory-based study describes the phenotypic resistance profiles of isolates obtained between January 2008 and December 2011 in Bahia, Brazil, and sociodemographic, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics (obtained from mandatory national registries) of the corresponding 204 MDR/XDR-TB patients.
Article Synopsis
- * Research indicates significant issues like decreased fertilization success, tissue damage, and impaired relationships with symbiotic organisms, leading to coral bleaching and other stress responses.
- * Overall, the presence of microplastics poses a serious global threat to corals across various marine environments, necessitating increased awareness and action.
Objective: To evaluate the impact of the use of the molecular test for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its resistance to rifampin (Xpert MTB/RIF), under routine conditions, at a referral hospital in the Brazilian state of Bahia.
Methods: This was a descriptive study using the database of the Mycobacteriology Laboratory of the Octávio Mangabeira Specialized Hospital, in the city of Salvador, and georeferencing software. We evaluated 3,877 sputum samples collected from symptomatic respiratory patients, under routine conditions, between June of 2014 and March of 2015.
Article Synopsis
- Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a significant global health issue, with around 440,000 new cases each year, but only a small fraction being reported.
- The diagnosis of MDR-TB involves phenotypic and genotypic tests, and there's a pressing need for rapid resistance detection methods.
- Treatment is complicated and costly, typically lasting 18-24 months, requiring a specific regimen that includes at least four drugs, and ongoing research is exploring new treatments that show promise for better outcomes.
New scientific articles about tuberculosis (TB) are published daily worldwide. However, it is difficult for health care workers, overloaded with work, to stay abreast of the latest research findings and to discern which information can and should be used in their daily practice on assisting TB patients. The purpose of the III Brazilian Thoracic Association (BTA) Guidelines on TB is to critically review the most recent national and international scientific information on TB, presenting an updated text with the most current and useful tools against TB to health care workers in our country.
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- The study examined the prevalence of latent and active tuberculosis (TB) among inmates in a prison hospital in Bahia, Brazil, involving 237 detainees.
- It utilized a series of health assessments including surveys and multiple tests to identify TB cases, revealing that 61.5% had latent TB while 2.5% had active TB.
- The findings highlight a significant health issue in prisons and emphasize the need for targeted public health interventions to control TB among incarcerated individuals.
Anti-tuberculosis drug resistance, particularly multiresistance, is a crucial issue in the control of tuberculosis (TB). This study estimated the prevalence of primary and acquired anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from hospitalized patients, to identify the risk factors for resistance, and to evaluate the its impact on hospital mortality for tuberculosis. Strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from 217 patients hospitalized for TB were analyzed.
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- HIV infection significantly increases the risk of tuberculosis (TB) and affects patient outcomes, particularly in terms of in-hospital mortality.
- A study in Bahia, Brazil, found that 8.8% of 375 hospitalized TB patients were HIV-positive, with those patients being younger on average.
- In-hospital mortality was notably higher for HIV-positive patients at 27.3%, compared to 9.4% for HIV-negative patients, highlighting the importance of routine HIV testing for all TB patients.
Article Synopsis
- A 59-year-old Brazilian woman experienced persistent cough and worsening shortness of breath for 18 months, ultimately leading to hospitalization for respiratory failure.
- Chest imaging and tests revealed signs consistent with airways disease, specifically bronchiolitis and bronchiectasis, alongside a biopsy showing a granulomatous lesion linked to a parasitic infection.
- Following treatment for the parasitic infection, the patient tested positive for tuberculosis, highlighting the potential link between globalization and the spread of such infections through imported contaminated seafood.
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM), especially Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC), has been considered responsible for human disease, especially in HIV patients. Nevertheless, it has been diagnosed in immunocompetent elderly men, frequently with previous pulmonary disease: chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD), complications of tuberculosis, pulmonary fibrosis and bronchiectasis. We relate the case of a female patient, 51 years old, with continuously acid fast bacilli (AFB) smears and with three previous treatments, which were conducted at the multiresistant tuberculosis (MRTB) service.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Tuberculosis is one of the most important infectious diseases in the world. Only 68% of the estimated new tuberculosis (TB) cases in Brazil are diagnosed. Our aim was to determine the risk of infection among household contacts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Examine the prevalence and clinical/epidemiological aspects of patients with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) isolated from sputum provided by an outpatient clinic specializing in the treatment of multiresistant tuberculosis (MRTB) in Bahia, Brazil.
Methods: All patients followed at the MRTB outpatient clinic of the Octávio Mangabeira Specialized Hospital (HEOM) were evaluated retrospectively from July 1998 to July 2003. All patients underwent direct examinations and cultures to identify the mycobacteria species found during initial and subsequent evaluations.
Penicillin at the late stage of leptospirosis: a randomized controlled trial.
Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo
October 2003
There is evidence that an early start of penicillin reduces the case-fatality rate of leptospirosis and that chemoprophylaxis is efficacious in persons exposed to the sources of leptospira. The existent data, however, are inconsistent regarding the benefit of introducing penicillin at a late stage of leptospirosis. The present study was developed to assess whether the introduction of penicillin after more than four days of symptoms reduces the in-hospital case-fatality rate of leptospirosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe reviewed the clinical and radiological characteristics of tuberculosis (TB) in children and adolescents at the Hospital Especializado Octávio Mangabeira, (HEOM) in Salvador, Bahia. This study included 275 TB patients aged 1 to 15 years seen between January 1990 and November 2001. Standardized forms were filled out on the basis of a review of patient records and x-rays.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Recurrent respiratory infections account for most of the morbidity and mortality of cystic fibrosis patients.
Materials And Methods: The objective was to determine the prevalence of pathogens isolated from lower respiratory tract secretions in cystic fibrosis patients. In this descriptive observational study, data from 69 patients was collected from medical records.
Objective: To report the frequency and types of electrocardiographic alterations in patients with leptospirosis in the first 24 hours of hospitalization.
Methods: We analyzed the electrocardiograms of 157 patients admitted to the Hospital Couto Maia in the city of Salvador, in the State of Bahia, Brazil, from March 1998 to June 1999. The electrocardiograms were performed in the first 24 hours after hospital admission, independent of the clinical manifestations of the patients.