The copper P-type ATPase CtpA is involved in the response of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to redox stress.

The functional difference among the three copper-transporting P-type ATPases (CtpA, CtpB, and CtpV) annotated in genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) remains unclear. Thus, CtpA and CtpB are believed to deliver copper to extracytoplasmic proteins as a cofactor required to overcome redox and copper stress in the Mtb periplasm. This study investigates an alternative role of CtpA-mediated copper transportation and its possible interaction with the activity of the multicopper oxidase, (MmcO), in response to redox stress.

Factors that influence vaccination communication during pregnancy: provider and patient perspectives using the theoretical domains framework.

Introduction: Vaccination during pregnancy is recommended but uptake is low and evidence on the topic is limited.

Aims: This study aimed to identify the drivers of current behavior and barriers to change for health care practitioners (HCPs) and pregnant patients in Canada.

Methods: This study is an in-depth qualitative investigation of the factors influencing HCPs' vaccination communication during pregnancy, as well as factors influencing pregnant patients' vaccination uptake in Canada using the Theoretical Domains Framework.

Improving Influenza Vaccine Uptake During Pregnancy Through Vaccination at Point of Care: A Before-and-After Study.

Objectives: Vaccine administration where pregnant individuals receive prenatal care may increase vaccine coverage. Availability of influenza vaccine at prenatal care visits is not standard in Canada. Since the 2016-2017 influenza season, pregnant individuals can receive the influenza vaccine at the point of care (POC) in an urban clinic in Calgary, Alberta.

Perspectives of parents with lived experience of cytomegalovirus infection, on universal newborn screening for congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) in Canada: a patient-led qualitative study.

Objective: To understand parental perspectives regarding universal newborn screening (UNS) for congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) in Canada.

Design: A qualitative, patient-led study using the Patient and Community Engagement Research approach consisting of online focus groups and in-depth individual interviews to understand parental preferences regarding UNS for cCMV. Data were analysed iteratively using inductive thematic analysis and narrative story analysis.

Population-level changes in perinatal death for pregnancies prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic: A pregnancy cohort analysis.

Background: Results of population-level studies examining the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the risks of perinatal death have varied considerably.

Objectives: To explore trends in the risk of perinatal death among pregnancies beginning prior to and during the pandemic using a pregnancy cohort approach.

Methods: This secondary analysis included data from singleton pregnancies ≥20 weeks' gestation in Alberta, Canada, beginning between 5 March 2017 and 4 March 2021.

Pertussis Non-Vaccination During Pregnancy Despite Advice From Prenatal Care Providers.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to measure the proportion of non-vaccination for pertussis in mothers in Canada who had been advised by their prenatal care provider to get vaccinated, and to identify sociodemographic factors and beliefs associated with non-vaccination.

Methods: The Survey on Vaccination during Pregnancy (part of childhood National Immunization Coverage Survey) included biological mothers of children born from September 2018 to March 2019. This analysis was restricted to 2657 mothers who had been advised by their prenatal care provider to get vaccinated against pertussis during pregnancy and knew whether or not they had been vaccinated.

Resources available for parent-provider vaccine communication in pregnancy in Canada: a scoping review.

Objective: Vaccination in pregnancy (VIP) is a protective measure for pregnant individuals and their babies. Healthcare provider's (HCP) recommendations are important in promoting VIP. However, a lack of strong recommendations and accessible resources to facilitate communication impact uptake.

Understanding COVID-19 vaccination decisions during pregnancy and while breastfeeding in a Canadian province.

Background: Vaccination in pregnancy is important for preventing illness for mothers and babies; however, vaccine uptake in pregnant individuals is lower than non-pregnant females of fertile age. Given the devastating effects of COVID-19 and the increased morbidity and mortality risk for pregnant individuals, it is important to understand the determinants of vaccine hesitancy in pregnancy. The focus of our study was to explore COVID-19 vaccination among pregnant and breastfeeding individuals and its association with their reasons (psychological factors) for vaccination using the 5C scale and other factors.

Comparing adverse neonatal and maternal outcomes of chlamydia, gonorrhoea, and syphilis infections and co-infections in pregnancy.

Background: While maternal sexually transmitted infections (STIs) during pregnancy have been extensively studied, fewer studies have directly compared the associations of different infections and co-infections or investigated the association between STIs in pregnancy and maternal outcomes.

Objectives: We examine associations between STIs and co-infections in pregnancy on risks of adverse neonatal and maternal outcomes.

Methods: Data from the 2019 US natality files (n = 3,747,882) were used to assess the associations between STIs in pregnancy on adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Association of SARS-CoV-2 Infection During Pregnancy With Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes.

Importance: There are limited high-quality, population-level data about the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on pregnancy using contemporaneous comparator cohorts.

Objectives: To describe maternal and perinatal outcomes associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy and to assess variables associated with severe disease in the pregnant population.

Design, Setting, And Participants: CANCOVID-Preg is an observational surveillance program for SARS-CoV-2-affected pregnancies in Canada.

Pertussis Vaccination in Canadian Pregnant Women, 2018-2019.

Objective: This study was undertaken to measure the uptake of pertussis vaccination during pregnancy in Canada and to identify sociodemographic factors associated with non-vaccination.

Methods: A total of 5091 biological mothers of children born between September 2, 2018, and March 1, 2019, were interviewed about pertussis vaccination during their pregnancy.

Results: Among 4607 mothers who recalled whether they had been vaccinated for pertussis, 43% had been vaccinated and 57% had not.

Knowledge of Congenital CMV, Risk Behaviours for CMV Acquisition, and Acceptance of an Educational Infographic Among Postpartum Women: A Pilot Study.

Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection in the newborn can present with sensorineural hearing loss and microcephaly. The objectives of this study were to determine baseline knowledge of cCMV and the acceptability of an infographic about cCMV among a group of postpartum women. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing their perceptions of an infographic as well as their knowledge and risk behaviours for acquisition of CMV.

Vaccination in pregnancy: Challenges and evidence-based solutions.

Vaccination in pregnancy (VIP) is dually beneficial - it protects the mother and the baby from tetanus, influenza, and pertussis. VIP uptake is low in many countries. Vaccine hesitancy, defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a "delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccination despite the availability of vaccination services" is one of WHO's ten threats to global health per 2019.

Guideline No. 420: Cytomegalovirus Infection in Pregnancy.

Objective: To provide an update on current recommendations for cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection during pregnancy. The objectives of this guideline are: TARGET POPULATION: Patients of child-bearing age, pregnant patients, and patients planning a pregnancy.

Benefits, Harms, And Costs: The patient partners urged us to make awareness of preventive strategies a high priority, despite concern that discussing CMV with patients could cause unnecessary anxiety.

Real-world clinical and virological outcomes in a retrospective multiethnic cohort study of 341 untreated and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-treated chronic hepatitis B pregnant patients in North America.

Background: There are limited long-term data on outcomes of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in untreated and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)-treated women during pregnancy.

Aims: To assess clinical outcomes in a multiethnic cohort of patients during pregnancy and post-partum in a low HBV endemic region.

Methods: Retrospective real-world study of women with CHB (treated or untreated with TDF) from 2011 to 2019; data including ALT, HBV DNA, HBeAg and liver stiffness measurement were collected during pregnancy and post-partum.

Vaccination during pregnancy: Canadian maternity care providers' opinions and practices.

A number of countries have implemented vaccination in pregnancy as a strategy to reduce the burden of influenza and pertussis. The aim of this study was to assess the involvement of Canadian maternity care providers in administration of vaccines to their pregnant patients. A cross-sectional web-based survey was sent to family physicians, obstetricians-gynecologists, midwives, pharmacists, and nurses.

CtpB is a plasma membrane copper (I) transporting P-type ATPase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Background: The intracellular concentration of heavy-metal cations, such as copper, nickel, and zinc is pivotal for the mycobacterial response to the hostile environment inside macrophages. To date, copper transport mediated by P-type ATPases across the mycobacterial plasma membrane has not been sufficiently explored.

Results: In this work, the ATPase activity of the putative Mycobacterium tuberculosis P-type ATPase CtpB was associated with copper (I) transport from mycobacterial cells.

Developing product label information to support evidence-informed use of vaccines in pregnancy.

Background: Product labelling information describing the use of vaccines in pregnancy continues to contain cautionary language even after clinical and epidemiological evidence of safety becomes available. This language raises safety concerns among healthcare providers who may hesitate to recommend vaccines during pregnancy.

Purpose: To develop clear evidence-based language about vaccine safety and effectiveness in pregnancy for inclusion in vaccine product labels.

Presence of Precore (C)/C Promoter Mutants in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) Carriers During Pregnancy Does Not Correlate with Increased Risk of Liver Disease in 4 Years of Follow-Up.

Purpose: HBV precore (PC) and basal core promoter (BCP) mutants are associated with liver disease severity, yet have been suggested to protect against HBV vertical transmission. HBV within peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) has been reported in association with intrauterine HBV infection. We analyzed HBV replication status in PBMC and PC/BCP mutants in PBMC from pregnant chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.

Analysis of serum hepatitis B virus RNA levels in a multiethnic cohort of pregnant chronic hepatitis B carriers.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) flares have been reported due to alterations in the immune system during pregnancy. Recent studies in non-pregnant chronic hepatitis B (CHB) carriers have indicated that serum HBV RNA is a novel viral marker to assess treatment response and risk of disease flares.

Objectives: To analyze serum HBV RNA levels in association with established HBV markers in pregnant and/or post-partum CHB carriers.

From mother to baby: antenatal exposure to monoclonal antibody biologics.

More women with autoimmune and inflammatory conditions are being treated with monoclonal antibody biologics (mAbs) during their pregnancy, to maintain clinical remission. The use of anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha agents in pregnancy appears to be safe but less is known regarding other mAbs, such as anti-integrins and anti-cytokine agents. There are currently no comprehensive guidelines on how to manage the exposed infants.