Biotransformation of cladribine by a nanostabilized extremophilic biocatalyst.

Cladribine (2-chloro-2'-deoxy-β-d-adenosine) is a 2'-deoxyadenosine analogue, approved by the FDA for the treatment of hairy cell leukemia and more recently has been proved for therapeutic against many autoimmune diseases as multiple sclerosis. The biosynthesis of this compound using Thermomonospora alba CECT 3324 as biocatalyst is herein reported. This thermophilic microorganism was successfully entrapped in polyacrylamide gel supplemented with nanoclays such as bentonite.

Biosynthesis of an antiviral compound using a stabilized phosphopentomutase by multipoint covalent immobilization.

Ribavirin is a synthetic guanosine analogue with a broad-spectrum of antiviral activity. It is clinically effective against several viruses, such as respiratory syncytial virus, several hemorrhagic fever viruses and HCV when combined with pegylated interferon-α. Phosphopentomutase (PPM) catalyzes the transfer of intramolecular phosphate (from C1 to C5) on ribose, and is involved in pentose phosphate pathway and in purine metabolism.

Bioproduction of ribavirin by green microbial biotransformation.

Ribavirin is an antiviral compound widely used in Hepatitis C Virus therapy. Biotransformation of this nucleoside analogue using ATCC 12407 as biocatalyst is herein reported. Reaction parameters such as microorganism amounts, substrate ratio and temperature were optimized reaching conversion yields of 86%.

Biosynthesis of anti-HCV compounds using thermophilic microorganisms.

This work describes the application of thermophilic microorganisms for obtaining 6-halogenated purine nucleosides. Biosynthesis of 6-chloropurine-2'-deoxyriboside and 6-chloropurine riboside was achieved by Geobacillus stearothermophilus CECT 43 with a conversion of 90% and 68%, respectively. Furthermore, the selected microorganism was satisfactorily stabilized by immobilization in an agarose matrix.

Biotransformation of 2,6-diaminopurine nucleosides by immobilized Geobacillus stearothermophilus.

An efficient and green bioprocess to obtain 2,6-diaminopurine nucleosides using thermophilic bacteria is herein reported. Geobacillus stearothermophilus CECT 43 showed a conversion rate of 90 and 83% at 2 h to obtain 2,6-diaminopurine-2'-deoxyriboside and 2,6-diaminopurine riboside, respectively. The selected biocatalyst was successfully stabilized in an agarose matrix and used to produce up to 23.