The harvestmen family Gonyleptidae (Opiliones), the largest one in the Neotropics (Kury 2003), is astonishingly diverse in eastern South America. The species-rich genus Eusarcus Perty, 1833, is characteristic for this area. It is the second largest gonyleptid genus (Kury 2003; Hara Pinto-da-Rocha 2010), with a long taxonomical history beginning in the 19th century, when Perty (1833) described the genus together with four species.
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