The Asgard archaeal ESCRT-III system forms helical filaments and remodels eukaryotic-like membranes.

The ESCRT machinery mediates membrane remodeling in numerous processes in cells including cell division and nuclear membrane reformation. The identification of ESCRT homologs in Asgard archaea, currently considered the closest prokaryotic relative of eukaryotes, implies a role for ESCRTs in the membrane remodeling processes that occurred during eukaryogenesis. Yet, the function of these distant ESCRT homologs is mostly unresolved.

Intracellular pressure controls the propagation of tension in crumpled cell membranes.

Propagation of membrane tension mediates mechanical signal transduction along surfaces of live cells and sets the time scale of mechanical equilibration of cell membranes. Recent studies in several cell types and under different conditions revealed a strikingly wide variation range of the tension propagation speeds including extremely low ones. The latter suggests a possibility of long-living inhomogeneities of membrane tension crucially affecting mechano-sensitive membrane processes.

Popliteal plexus block in total knee arthroplasty: a single-center randomized controlled double-blinded trial.

Introduction: Whether a popliteal plexus block improves postoperative pain following total knee arthroplasty remains debated. This randomized trial tested if adding a popliteal plexus block to a continuous femoral nerve block decreases postoperative opioid requirement.

Methods: We included 66 patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.

Extracellular Vesicles from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Exhibit a Unique MicroRNA and CircRNA Signature.

Extracellular vesicles (EV) have emerged as promising cell-free therapeutics in regenerative medicine. However, translating primary cell line-derived EV to clinical applications requires large-scale manufacturing and several challenges, such as replicative senescence, donor heterogeneity, and genetic instability. To address these limitations, we used a reprogramming approach to generate human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) from the young source of cord blood mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (CBMSC).

Public attitudes toward the use of human induced pluripotent stem cells: insights from an Italian adult population.

Introduction: Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), derived from reprogrammed adult somatic cells, hold significant promise for disease modelling, personalized medicine, drug discovery, and regenerative therapies. Public awareness and understanding of hiPSCs are crucial for advancing research in this field. However, limited data exists on the general population's knowledge and attitudes toward their use.

[PartnerREC network: Result from a process of coconstruction with patient partners and researchers].

The PartnerREC network at the Geneva University Hospitals aims to facilitate the collaboration between researchers and patient partners in any type of clinical research, mainly those led at the HUG. It is the result of a coconstruction process initiated in 2019 by physicians, research professionals, cantonal research ethics committee members, a lawyer, and patient partners. The network implemented four initiatives: a) a website providing information to researchers and patients participating to research projects; b) personalized counseling for researchers to explore partnership opportunities in their own research projects; c) a training program related to patient partnership in research developed together with different partners in French-speaking Switzerland and d) its own research program on partnership in clinical research.

Sugammadex and neuromuscular disease: a systematic review with assessment of reporting quality and content validity.

Background: Efficacy and safety of sugammadex for the reversal of neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) in patients with neuromuscular diseases remains unclear. We summarised the available evidence and evaluated the quality of data reporting and the validity of published reports.

Methods: We searched for reports (any design) on the usage of sugammadex (any regimen) for the reversal of an NMBA in patients (any age) with any neuromuscular disease.

Personalised perioperative dosing of ivabradine in noncardiac surgery: a single-centre, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind feasibility pilot trial.

Background: Perioperative myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery is associated with postoperative mortality. Heart rate (HR) is an independent risk factor for perioperative myocardial injury. In this pilot trial we tested the feasibility of a randomised, placebo-controlled trial of personalised HR-targeted perioperative ivabradine.

The human AAA-ATPase VPS4A isoform and its co-factor VTA1 have a unique function in regulating mammalian cytokinesis abscission.

Mutations in the human AAA-ATPase VPS4 isoform, VPS4A, cause severe neurodevelopmental defects and congenital dyserythropoietic anemia (CDA). VPS4 is a crucial component of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) system, which drives membrane remodeling in numerous cellular processes, including receptor degradation, cell division, and neural pruning. Notably, while most organisms encode for a single VPS4 gene, human cells have 2 VPS4 paralogs, namely VPS4A and VPS4B, but the functional differences between these paralogs is mostly unknown.

Unfolding of maternal-infant bonding amidst the COVID-19 pandemic: Social support as a risk and protective factor.

Background: Social, familial, and physiological stressors may put maternal-infant bonding at risk. Therefore, it is plausible that the stressful conditions brought on by COVID-19 could influence maternal-infant bonding. This study aimed to elucidate the contribution of COVID-19-related experience to variance in maternal-infant bonding, beyond that of established risk factors and as moderated by social support.

Electrocardiographic patterns and clinical outcomes of acute coronary syndrome cardiogenic shock in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention - A propensity score analysis.

Objectives: To determine the influence of presenting electrocardiographic (ECG) changes on prognosis in acute coronary syndrome cardiogenic shock (ACS-CS) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary angiography (PCI).

Background: The effect of initial ECG changes such as ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) versus non-STEMI among patients ACS-CS on prognosis remains unclear.

Methods: We analysed data from consecutive patients with ACS-CS enrolled in the Victorian Cardiac Outcomes registry between 2014 and 2020.

Plasmid-encoded toxin defence mediates mutualistic microbial interactions.

Gut environments harbour dense microbial ecosystems in which plasmids are widely distributed. Plasmids facilitate the exchange of genetic material among microorganisms while enabling the transfer of a diverse array of accessory functions. However, their precise impact on microbial community composition and function remains largely unexplored.

PITX2 gain-of-function mutation associated with atrial fibrillation alters mitochondrial activity in human iPSC atrial-like cardiomyocytes.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia worldwide; however, the underlying causes of AF initiation are still poorly understood, particularly because currently available models do not allow in distinguishing the initial causes from maladaptive remodeling that induces and perpetuates AF. Lately, the genetic background has been proven to be important in the AF onset. iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes, being patient- and mutation-specific, may help solve this diatribe by showing the initial cell-autonomous changes underlying the development of the disease.

Acetylation-dependent coupling between G6PD activity and apoptotic signaling.

Lysine acetylation has been discovered in thousands of non-histone human proteins, including most metabolic enzymes. Deciphering the functions of acetylation is key to understanding how metabolic cues mediate metabolic enzyme regulation and cellular signaling. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the rate-limiting enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway, is acetylated on multiple lysine residues.

Postpartum post-traumatic stress symptoms during the COVID-19 period: exposure and fear as mediating factors.

Post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) following childbirth are common within a stressful environment and are mitigated by social support. During the COVID-19 pandemic, an increase in such symptoms has been reported. The current study aims to longitudinally model the influence of general and pandemic-specific risk and protective factors on the temporal unfolding of symptoms among postpartum women.

Intranasal Dexmedetomidine for Pain Management in Older Patients: A Cross-Over, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Active-Controlled Trial.

Background: Daily care procedures provoke breakthrough pain and anxiety in palliative situations. Dexmedetomidine may be an alternative to opioids during nursing procedures for older patients.

Objective: We aimed to compare the efficacy of intranasal dexmedetomidine with subcutaneous opioids on the intensity of pain and anxiety during comfort management procedures.

Association Between Prehospital Blood Glucose Levels and Outcomes in Patients With COVID-19 Infection: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Hyperglycaemia is associated with worse outcomes in many settings. However, the association between dysglycaemia and adverse outcomes remains debated in COVID-19 patients. This study determined the association of prehospital blood glucose levels with acute medical unit (intensive care unit or high dependency unit) admission and mortality among COVID-19-infected patients.

Changes of health-related quality of life 6 months after high-risk oncological upper gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary surgery: a single-centre prospective observational study ().

Introduction: Postoperative health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an essential outcome in oncological surgery, particularly for elderly patients undergoing high-risk surgery. Previous studies have suggested that, on average, HRQoL returns to premorbid normal levels in the months following major surgery. However, the averaging of effect over a studied cohort may hide the variation of individual HRQoL changes.

Reviewing next of kin regrets in surgical decision-making: cross-sectional analysis of systematically searched literature.

Background: Decision-making concerning relatives undergoing surgery is challenging. It remains unclear to what extent implicated next of kin eventually regret their decisions and how this regret is assessed. Our aim was to systematically review the literature on decisional regret of next of kin and to describe the assessment tools used and the surgical populations studied.

Echocardiographic detection of heart valve disease in a community cohort of asymptomatic Australians > 65 years with cardiovascular risk factors.

Background: Valvular heart disease is becoming an increasingly prevalent with population ageing. We sought to define the current prevalence of valvular heart disease in Australia.

Methods: The TasELF and VicELF studies prospectively recruited 962 asymptomatic participants ≥65 years, with at least one cardiovascular risk factor, from the Tasmanian and Victorian communities.

Sex differences among patients presenting to hospital with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and shockable rhythm.

Objective: Sex differences in patients presenting with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and shockable rhythm might be associated with disparities in clinical outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study and compared characteristics and short-term outcomes between male and female adult patients who presented with OHCA and shockable rhythm at two large metropolitan health services in Melbourne, Australia between the period of 2014-2018. Logistic regression was used to assess the effect of sex on clinical outcomes.

Evaluation of factors associated with selection for coronary angiography and in-hospital mortality among patients presenting with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest without ST-segment elevation.

Background: Clinical factors favouring coronary angiography (CA) selection and variables associated with in-hospital mortality among patients presenting with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) without ST-segment elevation (STE) remain unclear.

Methods: We evaluated clinical characteristics associated with CA selection and in-hospital mortality in patients with OHCA, shockable rhythm and no STE.

Results: Between 2014 and 2018, 118 patients with OHCA and shockable rhythm without STE (mean age 59; males 75%) were stratified by whether CA was performed.