Resistiveness to care during assistance with activities of daily living in non-institutionalized persons with dementia: associations with informal caregivers' stress and well-being.

Objectives: Resistiveness to care (RTC) refers to behavior problems that co-occur during assistance with activities of daily living (ADL). RTC are considered challenging, but are mostly studied in institutions with implications for patients and formal caregivers. RTC is associated with agitation, but agitation is considered a separate construct.

Anticipating an Easier Day: Effects of Adult Day Services on Daily Cortisol and Stress.

Purpose Of The Study: Family caregivers experience high levels of stress that place them at risk for poor health outcomes. We explore whether an intervention which lowers caregivers' daily exposure to stressors, adult day services (ADS), leads to improved regulation of the stress hormone, cortisol, which has implications for health and well-being.

Design And Methods: Participants (N = 158) were family caregivers of individuals with dementia (IWD) who were using ADS.

Daily stressors and adult day service use by family caregivers: effects on depressive symptoms, positive mood, and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate.

Objective: This study examines effects of daily use of adult day service (ADS) programs by caregivers of individuals with dementia (IWD) on a salivary biomarker of stress reactivity, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S), and whether these effects on DHEA-S are associated with daily variability in positive mood and depressive symptoms.

Methods: We used a daily diary design of 8 consecutive days with alternation of intervention (ADS) and nonintervention days to evaluate within- and between-person effects of the intervention. Family caregivers (N = 151) of IWD who were using ADS were interviewed daily by telephone at home.

The effects of adult day services on family caregivers' daily stress, affect, and health: outcomes from the Daily Stress and Health (DaSH) study.

Purpose: We examine the effects of use of adult day service (ADS) by caregivers of individuals with dementia (IWD) on daily stressors, affect, and health symptoms. Participants were interviewed for 8 consecutive days. On some days, the IWD attended an ADS program and on the other days caregivers provide most or all of the care at home.

Fidelity and acceptability of an adaptive intervention for caregivers: an exploratory study.

Objective: There has been growing interest in providing tailored or adaptive interventions to family caregivers as a way of addressing their heterogeneity of risk factors and other needs. A particular challenge in an adaptive study is to implement the individualized intervention protocol as planned (program fidelity). This study explores the fidelity of implementation of an adaptive intervention for family caregivers of persons with dementia and its acceptability to caregivers.

Effects of adult day care on daily stress of caregivers: a within-person approach.

Unlabelled: OBJECTIVES. This article examined exposure to and appraisal of care-related stressors associated with use of adult day services (ADS) by family caregivers of individuals with dementia.

Methods: Using a within-person withdrawal design (A-B-A-B), we compared caregivers' exposure to and appraisal of behavior problems on days their relative attended and did not attend ADS.

Kin relationship of caregivers and people with dementia: stress and response to intervention.

Objective: This study examined the effects of kin relationship on response to use of adult day services (ADS) on feelings of overload, depressive symptoms, and positive affect for family caregivers of people with dementia.

Methods: The sample consisted of 341 participants drawn from two studies of ADS. The studies used a quasi-experimental design, comparing family caregivers enrolling their care receiver with dementia in an ADS program to a control group not using ADS.

The structure of risk factors and outcomes for family caregivers: implications for assessment and treatment.

Purpose: We examined the associations among risk factors (e.g., behavioral problems, family conflict) and outcomes (e.

Impact of adult day services on behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia.

Purpose: This study explored whether adult day service (ADS) use was associated with reductions in behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in individuals with dementia.

Design And Methods: We used a quasi-experimental design to compare a group of 133 persons with dementia (PWDs) who initially enrolled in an ADS program to a control group not using these services (n = 68). Caregivers used a 24-hour log on multiple, consecutive days to report on five domains of BPSD.

The caregiver stress process and health outcomes.

Objective: The authors examine the impact of two caregiving stressors, care receivers' behavior problems (an objective stressor) and caregivers' feelings of overload (a subjective stressor), on three dimensions of caregiver health.

Method: The participants were 234 primary caregivers of elderly relatives with dementia living in the community who completed a comprehensive interview about their current care situation, including stressors and health.

Results: Higher levels of both objective and subjective stressors were associated with all three dimensions of caregiver health: poorer self-reported health, more negative health behaviors, and greater use of health care services.

Life on the edge: patterns of formal and informal help to older adults in the United States and Sweden.

Objective: Our objective in this study was to compare assistance received by individuals in the United States and Sweden with characteristics associated with low, moderate, or high 1-year placement risk in the United States.

Methods: We used longitudinal nationally representative data from 4,579 participants aged 75 years and older in the 1992 and 1993 waves of the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) and cross-sectional data from 1,379 individuals aged 75 years and older in the Swedish Aging at Home (AH) national survey for comparative purposes. We developed a logistic regression equation using U.

Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: the effects of physical activity at adult day service centers.

Adult day services (ADS) are an increasingly popular option for caregivers of people with dementia, but there is little research on the effects of activities on the behavior and mood of the client. This study examines participation by 94 individuals in different types of adult day-care activities and their association with changes in behavior and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) for the client during a three-month span. Three domains of BPSD were examined: restless behaviors, mood behaviors, and positive behaviors.

Memory Club: a group intervention for people with early-stage dementia and their care partners.

Purpose: Diagnosis of dementia in its early stages presents a window of opportunity for examining the immediate and long-term consequences of the illness at a point when the individual with memory loss can still participate in decision making.

Design And Methods: Memory Club is a 10-session group program designed to provide information about memory loss and resources for coping with it in an emotionally supportive atmosphere for people with dementia and their care partners. Memory Club sessions are structured so that dyads meet together, as well as separately with other care partners and people with dementia, respectively.

Exploring assistance in Sweden and the United States.

Purpose: Few international comparisons of health services are performed using microlevel data. Using such data, this paper compares the need for and receipt of assistance with activities of daily living (ADLs) in comparable samples in the United States and Sweden, a country with a universal system of community-based services.

Design And Methods: Data from national surveys of community residents completed at approximately the same time in each nation are used to create comparable measures of need and assistance.