Validation of smartphone-based screening for retinopathy of prematurity in a low-resource setting.

Purpose: To study the validity of smartphone-based screening to detect moderate-to-severe levels of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in a low-resource setting.

Methods: In this observational validation study, all new patients at a single center who met screening criteria for ROP (birth weight of ≤1700 g and gestational age of ≤35 weeks) were examined by a pediatric ophthalmologist using indirect ophthalmoscopy. At the first ROP examination, a trained photographer captured fundus images using a smartphone fitted on an adapter, the Paxos Scope.