Primary myoepithelial carcinoma of the tibia: a close clinicoradiological mimicker of osteosarcoma.

Myoepithelial tumours are rare and distinct entities with uncertain histogenesis. They occur primarily in major salivary glands and soft tissue around the head and neck. Bony involvement predominantly occurs in facial bones.

Chondrosarcoma proximal tibia secondary to chondromyxoid fibroma: A rare case report.

Introduction: Benign cartilage tumours with malignant transformation are reported very few. Aiming to report a secondary chondrosarcoma in proximal tibia after chondromyxoid fibroma: a rare entity with limited experience of management.

Case Presentation: we present a challenging case of secondary chondrosarcoma of proximal tibia in surgically managed chondromyxoid fibroma.

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy vs Chemoradiotherapy for Malignancy of Esophagus: A Prospective Comparative Study.

Introduction: Neoadjuvant chemoradiation (NACRT) followed by surgery has become the standard of care for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study compared the tolerability and oncological benefit of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) with those of NACRT for the treatment of ESCC.

Methods: A prospective quasi-experimental comparative study was conducted from July 2019 to August 2023 to assess the efficacy of the NACT regimen of two cycles of paclitaxel and carboplatin as an alternative to standard NACRT.

Functional Rehabilitation - an Integral Component for Quality of Life in the Holistic Management of COVID-19 Associated Mucormycosis.

To evaluate the quality of life in the post maxillectomy patients due to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated Mucormycosis (CAM) following rehabilitation with obturators. The study also described the management and treatment outcomes of CAM patients. The study included 80 confirmed patients of CAM.

Health-related quality of life of cancer patients: Findings from Western Rajasthan.

Introduction: Cancer is one of the major public health concerns leading to high trends of mortality and morbidity in India. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an indicator of the sense of well-being applicable, which includes all the domains of physical, social, emotional, and functional well-being. The inferences can strengthen the palliative care needs of patients.

Unveiling the Aggressiveness of Cholesteatoma: Associating MERI with miRNA-21 & IL-6 Expression.

Background: Cholesteatoma, a destructive middle ear condition, poses challenges due to its variable clinical presentation and propensity for recurrence. Understanding its molecular underpinnings could enhance prognostication and guide therapeutic interventions. This study investigates the association between cholesteatoma aggressiveness, as assessed by the Middle Ear Risk Index (MERI), and the expression of miRNA-21 and IL-6 genes.

Expression of Programmed Death Ligand 1 [PD-L1] and Mismatch Repair Status in Squamous Cell Carcinomas of Cervix.

Background And Objectives: To assess mismatch repair (MMR) status and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix and their association with clinicopathologic parameters.

Material And Methods: Expression of PD-L1 and MMR status (MSH2, MSH6, MLH1, and PMS2) was assessed on 50 cases of SCCs of the cervix by immunohistochemistry.

Results: 80% of tumor cells and 84% of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes showed PD-L1 expression.

Primary hepatic diffuse large B- cell lymphoma mimicking cholangiocarcinoma.

Primary lymphoma of liver is a rare malignancy with non-specific clinical features and tumor markers. The presentation and imaging features may be indistinguishable from other hepatic malignant lesions. Pathological diagnosis is the gold standard, and early detection is essential to choose the treatment modality.

Clinico-Epidemiological Analysis of Small Bowel Obstruction in Adults at a Tertiary Care Center in India.

Background: Acute small bowel obstruction (SBO) is a common surgical emergency. The study aims to provide a comprehensive clinical-epidemiological description of SBO in adults at a tertiary care center in western India.

Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2020 to June 2022 and enrolled 88 SBO patients requiring surgical intervention.

Presentation of metastatic carotid body paraganglioma on F-18 FDG PET/CT: a rare disease.

Carotid body paraganglioma is a slow growing tumor of head and neck region. It can rarely be malignant in nature which is characterized by distant metastases on anatomical imaging. We share an interesting presentation of a malignant carotid body on F-18 FDG PET/CT in form of liver and skeletal metastases.

A critical appraisal of the role of metabolomics in breast cancer research and diagnostics.

Breast cancer (BC) remains the most prevalent cancer among women worldwide, despite significant advancements in its prevention and treatment. The escalating incidence of BC globally necessitates continued research into novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Metabolomics, a burgeoning field, offers a comprehensive analysis of all metabolites within a cell, tissue, system, or organism, providing crucial insights into the dynamic changes occurring during cancer development and progression.

GALNT6, GALNT14, and Gal-3 in association with GDF-15 promotes drug resistance and stemness of breast cancer β-catenin axis.

N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (GALNTs) are a polypeptide responsible for aberrant glycosylation in breast cancer (BC), but the mechanism is unclear. In this study, expression levels of GALNT6, GALNT14, and Gal-3 were assessed in BC, and their association with GDF-15, β-catenin, stemness (SOX2 and OCT4), and drug resistance marker (ABCC5) was evaluated. Gene expression of GALNT6, GALNT14, Gal-3, GDF-15, OCT4, SOX2, ABCC5, and β-catenin in tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissues ( = 30) was determined.

GALNT14 in association with GDF-15 promotes stemness and drug resistance through β-catenin signalling pathway in breast cancer.

Background: Altered glycosylation plays a role in carcinogenesis. GALNT14 promotes cancer stem-like properties and drug resistance. GDF-15 is known to induces drug resistance and stemness markers for maintenance of breast cancer (BC) stem-like cell state.

Gallbladder perforation: Diagnostic accuracy of new CT difficulty score in predicting complicated laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Purpose: To formulate and evaluate the diagnostic performance and utility of a new CT difficulty score in predicting difficult laparoscopic surgery in cases of gallbladder (GB) perforation.

Methods: This prospective single centre study included a total of 48 diagnosed cases of GB perforation on CT between December 2021 and June 2023, out of which 24 patients were operated. A new 6-point CT difficulty scoring system was devised to predict difficult laparoscopic approach, based on patterns of inflammation around the perforated GB that were found to be surgically relevant.

Multifocal lower limb hemangioendothelioma in a young female: a case report and review of the literature.

A 26-year-old female presented with pain and swelling of distal thigh and distal leg. She was diagnosed with multifocal epitheloid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) and was successfully treated with wide resection of femoral and tibial lesions followed by their reconstruction using vascularised fibular graft and local bone grafting. One year into follow-up, the patient remained asymptomatic with full Range Of Motion (ROM) and full weight bearing walking.

Waxy papules, infiltrated alopecic plaques, and shin ichthyosis.

A 38-year-old male presented with waxy papules, plaques over the neck and extremities, and ichthyotic scales over the lower limbs. Skin biopsy revealed a dense medium-sized lymphocytic infiltrate in the dermis, with perifollicular accentuation and focal exocytosis into the follicular epithelium with strong positivity for CD 3, 4, and 5. Considering the clinicopathological correlation, a diagnosis of follicular mycosis fungoides (FMF) was made.

Manual Instruments as an Alternative to Drilling for Bony Exposure in Skull Base Surgery: Concept and Technique.

 Drilling in neurosurgery is an integral part of surgical exposure, especially in skull base approaches and craniovertebral junction (CVJ) surgeries. Most of such drillings are done in close proximity to the neurovascular structures in skull base surgeries and cervical-medullary junction or facet/pedicle in CVJ surgeries. Reluctance to drilling among young neurosurgeons is due to less hands-on experience during training and also, in the early part of the career, due to fear of injury to neurovascular structures.

Relationship between biochemical parameters of mineral bone disease and static bone histomorphometry in chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis: An Indian cross-section study.

Aim: We estimated the relationship between routine biochemical laboratory parameters with static bone histomorphometric parameters and their high and low bone turnover capacity predictability in hemodialysis patients.

Method: It was a single-center cross-sectional study, included 28 hemodialysis patients. The routine biochemical parameters measured including calcium, phosphorous, alkaline phosphatase, intact PTH, and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol.

Renal Allograft Malakoplakia Presenting as a Pseudotumoral Lesion.

Malakoplakia is an uncommon inflammatory disease that can involve many organ systems but is often encountered in the urogenital tract. Kidney allograft malakoplakia is even rarer and can have a diffuse parenchymal or a pseudotumoral presentation. We describe a case of grafi malakoplakia in an adult female, who presented with dull aching pain in the right loin, fever, and vomiting.

Explaining the Unexplained: Examining the Predictive Value of Semen Parameters, Sperm DNA Fragmentation and Metal Levels in Unexplained Infertility.

Background: There is ongoing research to find an optimum modality to predict male fertility potential.

Aims: To compare the semen parameters, sperm DNA damage and seminal metal levels of Zinc, Lead and Aluminium among the male partners of couples with unexplained infertility and men with proven fertility.

Settings And Design: Prospective case-control study at a tertiary level teaching hospital.

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2/neu expression in urothelial carcinomas.

Introduction: Urothelial carcinomas of the bladder are more common in males, making them the sixth-most common cancer in men and the tenth-most common cancer overall, worldwide. Current guidelines do not recommend routine testing for human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2/neu) expression on the biopsy specimens of patients with urothelial carcinoma. This study was aimed at determining the expression pattern of HER2/neu and its usefulness in muscle-invasive and nonmuscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma.

Expression of stem cell markers as predictors of therapeutic response in metastatic prostate cancer patients.

Background: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been implicated in prostate cancer (PCA) progression and therapeutic resistance. This study aimed to compare the expression levels of CSC CD (CD 44, CD 133, and CD 24) markers in treatment-naive patients with metastatic PCA before and after treatment.

Methods: The study included 60 treatment-naïve patients with metastatic PCA who received androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) alone (n = 30) and ADT plus chemotherapy (n = 30).