Interleukin-31 interaction with inflammasome: A promising diagnostic and prognostic panel for early sepsis identification in critically ill patients.

Purpose: This case-control study aimed to evaluate the ability to use a panel of IL-31, IL-1ß and NLRP3 to differentiate sepsis from systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and to predict septic shock.

Methods: Serum levels of IL-31, IL-1ß and NLRP3 were measured by ELISA in 149 participants; 38 with sepsis, 51 with SIRS, 30 with septic shock and 30 healthy controls.

Results: Lower levels of IL-31 were found in sepsis (10.