Dysbiosis and fecal microbiota transplant: Contemplating progress in health, neurodegeneration and longevity.

The gut-brain axis plays an important role in mental health. The intestinal epithelial surface is colonized by billions of commensal and transitory bacteria, known as the Gut Microbiota (GM). However, potential pathogens continuously stimulate intestinal immunity when they find the place.

Efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants versus warfarin in the treatment of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.

Background: Given the evolving application and promising outcomes of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in various thromboembolic conditions, we aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of DOACs with warfarin in the post-acute treatment of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) using clinical and radiological parameters.

Methods: A total of 140 CVST patients were enrolled, with 95 receiving warfarin and 45 receiving DOACs as post-acute treatment. Clinical and imaging parameters of the patients in follow-up visits were investigated, including the last modified Rankin Scale (mRS), venous thromboembolic events, CVST recurrence, mortality rate, recanalization status, and hemorrhagic events, to compare the efficacy and safety of treatment between the two groups.

Gut microbiota in neurological diseases: Melatonin plays an important regulatory role.

Melatonin is a highly conserved molecule produced in the human pineal gland as a hormone. It is known for its essential biological effects, such as antioxidant activity, circadian rhythm regulator, and immunomodulatory effects. The gut is one of the primary known sources of melatonin.

Prognostic factors in patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator: The first study among Iranian patients.

Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) has been long approved as an efficacious treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS); however, due to some serious complications, particularly intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), many physicians are still reluctant to use it liberally. This study sought to find potential prognostic factors in patients with AIS treated with tPA. A retrospective, hospital-bases observational study was conducted.