New photocatalytic materials based on alumina with reduced band gap: A DFT approach to study the band structure and optical properties.

In this study, first-principles calculations using Density Functional Theory (DFT) have been conducted, which were carried out using the Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package (VASP) to examine the effect of Tl insertion on electronic and optical properties of the α-AlO. Alumina materials are abundant and the main shortcoming of alumina for photocatalyst applications is their large energy band gap and little absorption in the visible region of electromagnetic (EM) radiation. Insertion of transition metals (TM) into semiconductor or insulating materials is a hot approach to improve the absorption behavior of these materials using DFT assessment.

A Mini Review on the Development of Conjugated Polymers: Steps towards the Commercialization of Organic Solar Cells.

This review article covers the synthesis and design of conjugated polymers for carefully adjusting energy levels and energy band gap (EBG) to achieve the desired photovoltaic performance. The formation of bonds and the delocalization of electrons over conjugated chains are both explained by the molecular orbital theory (MOT). The intrinsic characteristics that classify conjugated polymers as semiconducting materials come from the EBG of organic molecules.

The EDLC Energy Storage Device Based on a Natural Gelatin (NG) Biopolymer: Tuning the Capacitance through Plasticizer Variation.

A solution casting method has been utilisedto fabricate plasticisednatural gelatin (NG)-based polymer electrolyte films. The NG electrolyte with 50 wt.% glycerol and 13 wt.

Synthesis and Characterization of Polymers Containing Ethynylene and Ethynylene-Thiophene Based Alternating Polymers Containing 2,1,3-Linked Naphthothiadiazole Units as Acceptor Linked with Fluorine as Donor: Electrochemical and Spectroscopic Studies.

The effect of ethynylene or ethynylene-thiophene spacers on the band gap of alternating polymers, containing 4,9-naphthothiadiazole units as an acceptor and 2,7-linked fluorene repeat units as a donor, were investigated. The Sonogashira coupling reaction was employed to prepare the two novel copolymers, namely ((9,9-dioctyl-fluorene)-2,7-diethynylene-alt-4,9-2,1,3-naphthothiadiazole (PFDENT) and poly(5,5'-(9,9-dioctyl-fluorene-2,7-diyl)bis(ethynyl-2-thienyl)-alt-4,9-(2,1,3-naphthothiadiazole) (PFDTENT). The optical, electrochemical and thermal properties of the two obtained polymers were widely investigated and compared.

Characteristics of Methyl Cellulose Based Solid Polymer Electrolyte Inserted with Potassium Thiocyanate as K Cation Provider: Structural and Electrical Studies.

The attention to a stable and ionic conductive electrolyte is driven by the limitations of liquid electrolytes, particularly evaporation and leakage, which restrain their widespread use for electrochemical device applications. Solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) is considered to be a potential alternative since it possesses high safety compared to its counterparts. However, it still suffers from low device efficiency due to an incomplete understanding of the mechanism of ion transport parameters.

Electrochemical and Ion Transport Studies of Li Ion-Conducting MC-Based Biopolymer Blend Electrolytes.

A facile methodology system for synthesizing solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) based on methylcellulose, dextran, lithium perchlorate (as ionic sources), and glycerol (such as a plasticizer) (MC:Dex:LiClO:Glycerol) has been implemented. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and two imperative electrochemical techniques, including linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), were performed on the films to analyze their structural and electrical properties. The FTIR spectra verify the interactions between the electrolyte components.

Study of MC:DN-Based Biopolymer Blend Electrolytes with Inserted Zn-Metal Complex for Energy Storage Devices with Improved Electrochemical Performance.

Stable and ionic conducting electrolytes are needed to make supercapacitors more feasible, because liquid electrolytes have leakage problems and easily undergo solvent evaporation. Polymer-based electrolytes meet the criteria, yet they lack good efficiency due to limited segmental motion. Since metal complexes have crosslinking centers that can be coordinated with the polymer segments, they are regarded as an adequate method to improve the performance of the polymer-based electrolytes.

Innovative Green Chemistry Approach to Synthesis of Sn-Metal Complex and Design of Polymer Composites with Small Optical Band Gaps.

In this work, the green method was used to synthesize Sn-metal complex by polyphenols (PPHs) of black tea (BT). The formation of Sn-PPHs metal complex was confirmed through UV-Vis and FTIR methods. The FTIR method shows that BT contains NH and OH functional groups, conjugated double bonds, and PPHs which are important to create the Sn-metal complexes.

Impedance and Dielectric Properties of PVC:NHI Solid Polymer Electrolytes (SPEs): Steps toward the Fabrication of SPEs with High Resistivity.

In the present article, a simple technique is provided for the fabrication of a polymer electrolyte system composed of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and doped with varying content of ammonium iodide (NHI) salt using solution-casting methodology. The influences of NHI on the structural, electrochemical, and electrical properties of PVC have been investigated using X-ray diffraction, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and dielectric properties. The X-ray study reveals the amorphous nature of the polymer-salt complex.

Studies of Circuit Design, Structural, Relaxation and Potential Stability of Polymer Blend Electrolyte Membranes Based on PVA:MC Impregnated with NHI Salt.

This work presents the fabrication of polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) that are made of polyvinyl alcohol-methylcellulose (PVA-MC) doped with various amounts of ammonium iodide (NHI). The structural and electrical properties of the polymer blend electrolyte were performed via the acquisition of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), respectively. The interaction among the components of the electrolyte was confirmed via the FTIR approach.

The Study of Ion Transport Parameters in MC-Based Electrolyte Membranes Using EIS and Their Applications for EDLC Devices.

A solution cast technique was utilized to create a plasticized biopolymer-based electrolyte system. The system was prepared from methylcellulose (MC) polymer as the hosting material and potassium iodide (KI) salt as the ionic source. The electrolyte produced with sufficient conductivity was evaluated in an electrochemical double-layer capacitor (EDLC).

An Investigation into the PVA:MC:NHCl-Based Proton-Conducting Polymer-Blend Electrolytes for Electrochemical Double Layer Capacitor (EDLC) Device Application: The FTIR, Circuit Design and Electrochemical Studies.

In this report, the preparation of solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) is performed from polyvinyl alcohol, methyl cellulose (PVA-MC), and ammonium chloride (NHCl) using solution casting methodology for its use in electrical double layer capacitors (EDLCs). The characterizations of the prepared electrolyte are conducted using a variety of techniques, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The interaction between the polymers and NHCl salt are assured via FTIR.

Characteristics of Plasticized Lithium Ion Conducting Green Polymer Blend Electrolytes Based on CS: Dextran with High Energy Density and Specific Capacitance.

The solution cast process is used to set up chitosan: dextran-based plasticized solid polymer electrolyte with high specific capacitance (228.62 F/g) at the 1st cycle. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) pattern revealed the interaction between polymers and electrolyte components.

High Cyclability Energy Storage Device with Optimized Hydroxyethyl Cellulose-Dextran-Based Polymer Electrolytes: Structural, Electrical and Electrochemical Investigations.

The preparation of a dextran (Dex)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) blend impregnated with ammonium bromide (NHBr) is done via the solution cast method. The phases due to crystalline and amorphous regions were separated and used to estimate the degree of crystallinity. The most amorphous blend was discovered to be a blend of 40 wt% Dex and 60 wt% HEC.

Characteristics of PEO Incorporated with CaTiO Nanoparticles: Structural and Optical Properties.

In this research, direct band gap polymer composites with amorphous phase, which are imperative for optoelectronic devices applications were synthesized. The solution cast technique was used to produce polyethylene oxide (PEO)/calcium titanate (CaTiO) nanocomposite (NC) films. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirms the growth of amorphous nature within PEO with CaTiO addition.

A Study of Methylcellulose Based Polymer Electrolyte Impregnated with Potassium Ion Conducting Carrier: Impedance, EEC Modeling, FTIR, Dielectric, and Device Characteristics.

In this research, a biopolymer-based electrolyte system involving methylcellulose (MC) as a host polymeric material and potassium iodide (KI) salt as the ionic source was prepared by solution cast technique. The electrolyte with the highest conductivity was used for device application of electrochemical double-layer capacitor (EDLC) with high specific capacitance. The electrical, structural, and electrochemical characteristics of the electrolyte systems were investigated using various techniques.

Polymer Composites with 0.98 Transparencies and Small Optical Energy Band Gap Using a Promising Green Methodology: Structural and Optical Properties.

In this work, a green approach was implemented to prepare polymer composites using polyvinyl alcohol polymer and the extract of black tea leaves (polyphenols) in a complex form with Co ions. A range of techniques was used to characterize the Co complex and polymer composite, such as Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Visible) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The optical parameters of absorption edge, refractive index (), dielectric properties including real and imaginary parts (, and ) were also investigated.

Characteristics of Poly(vinyl Alcohol) (PVA) Based Composites Integrated with Green Synthesized Al-Metal Complex: Structural, Optical, and Localized Density of State Analysis.

The influence of dispersing Al-metal complex on the optical properties of PVA was investigated using UV-visible spectroscopy. Polymer composite films with various Al-complex amounts in the PVA matrix were arranged by solution casting technique by means of distilled water as a widespread solvent. The formation of Al-metal complex was verified through Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) examinations.

Bio-Based Plasticized PVA Based Polymer Blend Electrolytes for Energy Storage EDLC Devices: Ion Transport Parameters and Electrochemical Properties.

This report shows a simple solution cast methodology to prepare plasticized polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/methylcellulose (MC)-ammonium iodide (NHI) electrolyte at room temperature. The maximum conducting membrane has a conductivity of 3.21 × 10 S/cm.

Plasticized Polymer Blend Electrolyte Based on Chitosan for Energy Storage Application: Structural, Circuit Modeling, Morphological and Electrochemical Properties.

Chitosan (CS)-dextran (DN) biopolymer electrolytes doped with ammonium iodide (NHI) and plasticized with glycerol (GL), then dispersed with Zn(II)-metal complex were fabricated for energy device application. The CS:DN:NHI:Zn(II)-complex was plasticized with various amounts of GL and the impact of used metal complex and GL on the properties of the formed electrolyte were investigated.The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements have shown that the highest conductivity for the plasticized system was 3.

Improving EDLC Device Performance Constructed from Plasticized Magnesium Ion Conducting Chitosan Based Polymer Electrolytes via Metal Complex Dispersion.

The current work shows the preparation of plasticized chitosan-magnesium acetate Mg(CHCOO)-based polymer electrolyte dispersed with nickel (Ni) metal complexes via solution casting. Investigations of electrical and electrochemical properties of the prepared polymer composite electrolyte were carried out. The structural and optical properties of the samples were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-Vis spectroscopy techniques.

Plasticized Sodium-Ion Conducting PVA Based Polymer Electrolyte for Electrochemical Energy Storage-EEC Modeling, Transport Properties, and Charge-Discharge Characteristics.

This report presents the preparation of plasticized sodium ion-conducting polymer electrolytes based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)via solution cast technique. The prepared plasticized polymer electrolytes were utilized in the device fabrication of electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). On an assembly EDLC system, cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), transfer number measurement (TNM) and charge-discharging responses were performed.

Synthesis of PVA/CeO Based Nanocomposites with Tuned Refractive Index and Reduced Absorption Edge: Structural and Optical Studies.

In the current study, polymer nanocomposites (NCPs) based on poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with altered refractive index and absorption edge were synthesized by means of a solution cast technique. The characterization techniques of UV-Vis spectroscopy and XRD were used to inspect the structural and optical properties of the prepared films. The XRD patterns of the doped samples have shown clear amendments in the structural properties of the PVA host polymer.

A Polymer Blend Electrolyte Based on CS with Enhanced Ion Transport and Electrochemical Properties for Electrical Double Layer Capacitor Applications.

The fabrication of energy storage EDLC in this work is achieved with the implementation of a conducting chitosan-methylcellulose-NHNO-glycerol polymer electrolyte system. The simple solution cast method has been used to prepare the electrolyte. The impedance of the samples was fitted with equivalent circuits to design the circuit diagram.

The Study of Structural, Impedance and Energy Storage Behavior of Plasticized PVA:MC Based Proton Conducting Polymer Blend Electrolytes.

In this study, structural characterization, electrical properties and energy storage performance of plasticized polymer electrolytes based on polyvinyl alcohol/methylcellulose/ammonium thiocyanate (PVA/MC-NHSCN) were carried out. An X-ray diffraction (XRD) study displayed that the plasticized electrolyte system with the uppermost value of direct current (DC) ionic conductivity was the most amorphous system. The electrolyte in the present work realized an ionic conductivity of 2.