Molecular and immunohistochemical markers in appendiceal mucinous neoplasms: A systematic review and comparative analysis with ovarian mucinous neoplasms and colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: Appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (AMNs) represent a rare and diagnostically challenging group of tumors. This systematic review aims to summarize the reported molecular and immunohistochemical markers (IHC) associated with AMNs and compare them with ovarian mucinous neoplasms (OMNs) and colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC).

Methods: A comprehensive search was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE/PMC, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases to identify studies looking at IHC and molecular markers in AMNs.

Management strategies and outcomes of thromboembolism prevention in atrial fibrillation co-existing with immune thrombocytopenia: A review of evidence.

This review aimed to assess bleeding risks and explore management options in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), aiming to formulate an optimal therapeutic approach for improved patient prognosis. Employing MeSH terms, a comprehensive search strategy identified articles on bleeding risks and management guidelines in AF combined with ITP. Original research papers were included, while animal studies, reviews, and non-English articles were excluded.

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia in Pregnancy: A Review of the Available Literature and the Pharmacological Challenges in Management.

Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a rare hematologic malignancy to occur in pregnancy, with an estimated incidence of 1 in 75,000 pregnancies. Pregnant women with CLL face increased susceptibility to infections, due to a weakened immune system. Higher risks of fetal malformations and death are associated with CLL treatment during pregnancy, emphasizing the need for careful consideration and management in these cases.

Integrating AI and ML in Myelodysplastic Syndrome Diagnosis: State-of-the-Art and Future Prospects.

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is composed of diverse hematological malignancies caused by dysfunctional stem cells, leading to abnormal hematopoiesis and cytopenia. Approximately 30% of MDS cases progress to acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a more aggressive disease. Early detection is crucial to intervene before MDS progresses to AML.

Deep learning enhances acute lymphoblastic leukemia diagnosis and classification using bone marrow images.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) poses a significant health challenge, particularly in pediatric cases, requiring precise and rapid diagnostic approaches. This comprehensive review explores the transformative capacity of deep learning (DL) in enhancing ALL diagnosis and classification, focusing on bone marrow image analysis. Examining ten studies conducted between 2013 and 2023 across various countries, including India, China, KSA, and Mexico, the synthesis underscores the adaptability and proficiency of DL methodologies in detecting leukemia.

Wearable Electrospun Piezoelectric Mats Based on a PVDF Nanofiber-ZnO@ZnS Core-Shell Nanoparticles Composite for Power Generation.

This work adopted a strategy to use new functional high-performance piezoelectric materials for sustainable energy production in wearable self-powered electrical devices. An innovative modification in electrospinning was used to produce highly aligned nanofibers. In the nanogenerator, the flexible membrane constituents were tunefully combined.

Assessment of coastal and marine ecosystems in West Africa: The case of Ghana.

Coastal and marine ecosystems, as integral component of social, ecological, and economic systems, are critical in providing essential ecosystem services that underpin human activities, including fishing and mining. Effective management of these ecosystems is paramount to safeguarding their vital contributions. This study adopts a socio-ecological framework, "Drivers (D) of human activities (A), associated Pressures (P), State change in coastal and marine environments, Impact (I) on human welfare (W) and Response (R) as measures (M) of management, (DAPSI(W)R(M))," to analyse the complexities of coastal and marine ecosystems in the Ghanaian context.

Association of Subclinical Hypothyroidism with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Qatar: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: The relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Qatar is under-studied, despite the high prevalence of diabetes in the region. This study evaluates the potential association between subclinical hypothyroidism and T2DM in Qatar.

Patients And Methods: A cross-sectional study used participants with and without T2DM from the Qatar Biobank (QBB).

Proteomic Profiling of Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review.

The accurate diagnosis of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is crucial, as treatment strategies differ from those of other lung cancers. This systematic review aims to identify proteins differentially expressed in SCLC compared to normal lung tissue, evaluating their potential utility in diagnosing and prognosing the disease. Additionally, the study identifies proteins differentially expressed between SCLC and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC), aiming to discover biomarkers distinguishing between these two subtypes of neuroendocrine lung cancers.

The association between screen time and depression symptoms severity among adults with diabetes: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: To investigate the association between time spent on screen-based sedentary behavior (SBSB) and depression symptom severity (DSS) among adults with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: A cross-sectional study employing secondary data collected by Qatar Biobank (QBB) on 2386 adults with type 2 diabetes aged ≥ 18 years. Self-reported data on DSS measured using the Patient Health Quationnaire-9 and daily time spent on SBSB per week was used.

Revolutionizing chronic lymphocytic leukemia diagnosis: A deep dive into the diverse applications of machine learning.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a B cell neoplasm characterized by the accumulation of aberrant monoclonal B lymphocytes. CLL is the predominant type of leukemia in Western countries, accounting for 25% of cases. Although many patients remain asymptomatic, a subset may exhibit typical lymphoma symptoms, acquired immunodeficiency disorders, or autoimmune complications.

Artificial intelligence in sickle disease.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly becoming an established arm in medical sciences and clinical practice in numerous medical fields. Its implications have been rising and are being widely used in research, diagnostics, and treatment options for many pathologies, including sickle cell disease (SCD). AI has started new ways to improve risk stratification and diagnosing SCD complications early, allowing rapid intervention and reallocation of resources to high-risk patients.

Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Thalassemia: A Comprehensive Review.

Thalassemia is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder that affects the beta or alpha subunits of the hemoglobin structure. Thalassemia is classified as a hypochromic microcytic anemia and a definitive diagnosis of thalassemia is made by genetic testing of the alpha and beta genes. Thalassemia carries similar features to the other diseases that lead to microcytic hypochromic anemia, particularly iron deficiency anemia (IDA).

Applications of Machine Learning in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by dysregulated growth and the proliferation of myeloid cells in the bone marrow caused by the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene. Clinically, CML demonstrates an increased production of mature and maturing granulocytes, mainly neutrophils. When a patient is suspected to have CML, peripheral blood smears and bone marrow biopsies may be manually examined by a hematologist.

Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Thrombocytopenia.

Thrombocytopenia is a medical condition where blood platelet count drops very low. This drop in platelet count can be attributed to many causes including medication, sepsis, viral infections, and autoimmunity. Clinically, the presence of thrombocytopenia might be very dangerous and is associated with poor outcomes of patients due to excessive bleeding if not addressed quickly enough.

Adaptive management of environmental challenges in West African coastal lagoons.

Human activities in coastal lagoons over several decades have had a significant impact on their ecology and the valuable ecosystem services they provide. Although there are several management approaches to mitigate the problem, they are unable to link human needs and activities with changes in the state of the environment. This research provides this link via assessment of eleven lagoons in Ghana with a socio-ecological framework (Drivers (D), Activities (A), Pressure (P), State (S), Impact (I) on welfare (W), and Response (R) as a Measure (M); DAPSI(W)R(M)).

Molecular taxonomical identification and phylogenetic relationships of some marine dominant algal species during red tide and harmful algal blooms along Egyptian coasts in the Alexandria region.

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) threaten the aquatic ecosystems due to either poisonous effects on living organisms or oxygen-consuming. So HABs' accurate identification, including red tide, is crucial. This study aimed to molecular identification of dominant species during tide period in nine stations along Alexandria region at Egyptian costs during one year.

Outcome of liver resection and transplantation for fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma.

Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FL HCC) is an uncommon variant of hepatocellular carcinoma occurring usually in non-cirrhotic livers. Hepatic resection or transplantation offers the only chance of cure. We reviewed our experience of surgery for FL HCC from 1985-1998.

Salivary nitrate, nitrite and nitrate reductase activity in relation to risk of oral cancer in Egypt.

It has been suggested that nitrate and nitrite may play a role in the etiology of human oral cancer. We investigated whether salivary nitrate and nitrite and the activity of nitrate reductase (NRase) may affect the risk of oral cancer in Egypt, an area with high levels of environmental nitrosating agents. Levels of salivary nitrite (8.