Pregnancy desires, and contraceptive knowledge and use among prevention of mother-to-child transmission clients in Rwanda.

Objective: To understand pregnancy intentions and contraception knowledge and use among HIV-positive and negative women in the national prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) program in Rwanda.

Design: A cross-sectional survey of 236 HIV-positive and 162 HIV-negative postpartum women interviewed within 12 months of their expected delivery date in 12 randomly selected public-sector health facilities providing PMTCT services.

Methods: : Bivariate analyses explored fertility intentions, and family planning knowledge and use by HIV status.

Determinants of nonadherence to a single-dose nevirapine regimen for the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission in Rwanda.

Objectives: To describe experiences, and identify factors associated with nonadherence to a single-dose nevirapine (SD-NVP) regimen for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV in Rwanda.

Methods: In April to May 2006, using a case-control design at 12 PMTCT sites, we interviewed HIV-infected women who did not adhere (n = 111) and who adhered (n = 125) to the PMTCT prophylaxis regimen. Nonadherence was defined as mother and/or infant not ingesting SD-NVP at the recommended time or not at all and adherence as mother-infant pairs who ingested it as recommended.