Adverse childhood experiences are associated with increased risk of miscarriage in a national population-based cohort study in England.

Study Question: Is there an association between adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and the risk of miscarriage in the general population?

Summary Answer: Specific ACE as well as the summary ACE score were associated with an increased risk of single and recurrent miscarriages.

What Is Known Already: There is scarce evidence on the association between ACE and miscarriage risk.

Study Design, Size, Duration: We conducted a retrospective national cohort study.

Childhood experiences of parenting and age at menarche, age at menopause and duration of reproductive lifespan: Evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.

Objectives: The parent-child relationship is critical for human development, yet little is known about its association with offsprings' reproductive health outside the context of abuse and neglect. We investigated whether childhood experiences of poor-quality parenting (characterized as decreased parental care and increased parental overprotection) are associated with women's reproductive timing and lifespan.

Study Design: Observational study of 2383 women aged 55-89 years in 2007 from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA).