Improvement of MBBR-MBR Performance by the Addition of Commercial and 3D-Printed Biocarriers.

Moving bed biofilm reactor combined with membrane bioreactor (MBBR-MBR) constitute a highly effective wastewater treatment technology. The aim of this research work was to study the effect of commercial K1 biocarriers (MBBR-MBR K1 unit) and 3D-printed biocarriers fabricated from 13X and Halloysite (MBBR-MBR 13X-H unit), on the efficiency and the fouling rate of an MBBR-MBR unit during wastewater treatment. Various physicochemical parameters and trans-membrane pressure were measured.

Lead exposure in clinical imaging - The elephant in the room.

Purpose: Radiation Protection Apparel (RPA) is used during diagnostic imaging and interventional procedures to minimise incidental radiation exposure. The majority of RPA in use are lead-containing, which has until now been considered safe. A recent single-centre study has demonstrated that the external surface of 63 % of RPA was contaminated with lead dust.