Publications by authors named "Eleni A Papadopoulos"
Background: Fungal infections are common among pregnant people. Recent studies suggest positive associations between oral antifungals used to treat fungal infections and congenital heart defects (CHDs).
Methods: We estimated associations between first trimester antifungal use and 20 major, specific CHDs using data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS), a multi-site, case-control study that included pregnancies with estimated delivery dates from October 1997 through December 2011.
Purpose: Recent studies suggest increased birth defect risk associated with maternal use of specific oral antifungals. We estimated associations between first-trimester antifungal use and selected non-cardiac birth defects using National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS) data.
Methods: Participants with a pregnancy affected by a study-eligible birth defect ("cases") were ascertained from 10 birth defect surveillance programs; participants who delivered livebirths without a major birth defect ("controls") were randomly selected from birth records or hospital discharge lists.
Article Synopsis
- Zolpidem, a medication for insomnia, crosses the placenta, but its safety during pregnancy is largely unknown.
- The study analyzed the impact of zolpidem use before and during early pregnancy on birth defects through data from two comprehensive studies involving over 62,000 cases.
- Findings showed rare use of zolpidem and provided inconclusive evidence regarding significant risk increases for birth defects, with some estimates suggesting potential but small increases for a few specific defects.
Article Synopsis
- Cyclobenzaprine, a muscle relaxant used for acute pain, has unclear safety during pregnancy, prompting a study on its potential link to birth defects.
- Researchers combined data from two large studies involving over 40,000 participants to assess the effects of cyclobenzaprine exposure during early pregnancy using logistic regression.
- While cyclobenzaprine use was rare among both cases and controls, certain birth defects showed increased risk, suggesting a need for more research to confirm these findings and understand underlying mechanisms.
Article Synopsis
- Heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin are safe anticoagulants during pregnancy because they don’t cross the placenta, but previous studies have not closely examined their associations with specific birth defects.
- Analyzing data from a significant study, researchers found that out of 42,743 women, a small percentage used heparin in early pregnancy, with odds ratios (ORs) indicating potential risks for certain birth defects like limb deficiencies and heart defects.
- While some associations were elevated, the rarity of heparin use limited the analysis, suggesting that more research is needed to understand the relationship between heparin and specific birth defects, while also considering that underlying risks exist regardless of medication use.
Background: Although results from studies of first-trimester influenza vaccination and congenital heart defects (CHDs) have been reassuring, data are limited for specific CHDs.
Methods: We assessed associations between reported maternal influenza vaccination, 1 month before pregnancy (B1) through end of third pregnancy month (P3), and specific CHDs using data from a multisite, population-based case-control study. Analysis included 2,982 case children diagnosed with a simple CHD (no other cardiac involvement with or without extracardiac defects) and 4,937 control children without a birth defect with estimated delivery dates during 2006-2011.
Background: Maternal exposure to weather-related extreme heat events (EHEs) has been associated with congenital heart defects (CHDs) in offspring. Certain medications may affect an individual's physiologic responses to EHEs. We evaluated whether thermoregulation-related medications modified associations between maternal EHE exposure and CHDs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To assess associations between influenza vaccination during etiologically-relevant windows and selected major structural non-cardiac birth defects.
Study Design: We analyzed data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a multisite, population-based case-control study, for 8233 case children diagnosed with a birth defect and 4937 control children without a birth defect with delivery dates during 2006-2011. For all analyses except for neural tube defects (NTDs), we classified mothers who reported influenza vaccination 1 month before through the third pregnancy month as exposed; the exposure window for NTDs was 1 month before through the first pregnancy month.
Article Synopsis
- This study explores the link between hereditary hemolytic anemia (HHA) and birth defects using data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study.
- Among 31 identified HHA-exposed women, a significant portion had underlying conditions like sickle cell anemia and thalassemia, often coupled with additional pregnancy complications.
- The findings suggest associations between HHA and specific birth defects like anencephaly and cleft palate, but further research is needed to clarify these links.
Introduction: While infantile cataracts are a major cause of childhood blindness, risk factors remain unknown for approximately two-thirds of cases.
Methods: We systematically searched electronic databases PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus, from inception through March 2018, to identify relevant cohort, case-control, cross-sectional studies, case reports, and case series. We also manually screened bibliographies and consulted with experts in the field to identify additional publications.
Background: Evidence regarding associations between maternal asthma medication use and birth defects is mixed.
Objective: Estimate associations between asthma medciation use and 52 birth defects using National Birth Defects Prevention Study data from 1997 to 2011.
Methods: We compared self-reported maternal asthma medication use for 28,481 birth defect cases and 10,894 nonmalformed controls.
Background: Genitourinary infections (GUIs) are common among sexually active women. Yet, little is known about the risk of birth defects associated with GUIs.
Methods: Using data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a multisite, population-based, case-control study, we assessed self-reported maternal GUIs in the month before through the third month of pregnancy (periconception) from 29,316 birth defect cases and 11,545 unaffected controls.
Background/objectives: We assessed synthetic cannabinoid (SC) outbreaks from 2011-2012 and 2015.
Methods: The National Poison Data System was utilized to collect reports of SC adverse effects in New York State from 2011-2012 and 2015 (N = 713).
Results: Cases from 2015 were more likely to be admitted to intensive care units and had different symptoms than those in 2011-2012.