The role of theories in interventions targeting preteens with Type 1 diabetes: A critical literature review.

Background: Theory-based interventions have been recommended to target relevant issues and improve outcomes in children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes. Furthermore, the timing of interventions has been recognized as key to improving outcomes, suggesting a need to focus on preteens (9-12 years old) with Type 1 diabetes. The aim of the present study was to identify the theories that inform interventions targeting preteens with Type 1 diabetes and to analyse the studies for their understandings of theory.

Professionals' perception on the management of patients with dual disorders.

Background: There is a need to evaluate the professionals' perception about the consequences of the lack of therapeutic adherence in the evolution of patients with co-occurring disorders.

Methods: An online survey, released on the Socidrogalcohol [Spanish Scientific Society for Research on Alcohol, Alcoholism and other Drug Addictions] and Sociedad Española de Patología Dual [the Spanish Society of Dual Pathology] web pages, was answered by 250 professionals who work in different types of Spanish health centers where dual diagnosis patients are assisted.

Results: Most professionals perceived the existence of noncompliance among dual diagnosis patients.

Red Ear and More: Facial and Extrafacial Erythema Accompanying Migraine Attacks.

Cutaneous manifestations of migraine are infrequent and their spectrum is reduced to the red ear syndrome (RES) and eyelid disorders. We report a case of a 26-year-old woman with migraine accompanied by extensive erythema, which involved right ear and cheek and left hemithorax. She fulfilled proposed criteria of RES.

Left ventricle non-compaction cardiomyopathy: different clinical scenarios and magnetic resonance imaging findings.

Left ventricle non-compaction cardiomyopathy is currently considered as a well-defined individual entity. However, it includes a broad spectrum of clinical, radiological and pathophysiological findings. In this review we describe 3 different scenarios of this entity: an isolated case with severe left ventricle dysfunction, an "associated" case in a patient with previous atrial septum defect and pulmonary stenosis and finally, as a finding in a patient with a transient cerebrovascular ischemic attack.

[Ultrastructural analysis of mouse levator auris longus muscle intoxicated in vivo by botulinum neurotoxin type A].

We studied the short and long term ultrastructural changes produced by botulinum neurotoxin type A injected in vivo, at a sublethal dose, in mouse levator auris longus muscle. The neurotoxin had a temporary effect on nerve terminals which consisted in a generalized paralysis, that affected the following features of the neuromuscular sample's morphology: size of the nerve terminals, vesicle population, mitochondrial appearance, Schwann cell's morphology, development and distribution of post-synaptic membrane folds, and nuclear morphology of the different elements of the motor end plate. Besides, the amount of endomysial connective tissue was significantly greater compared to non-intoxicated cases, and these changes were more notorious during the first couple of weeks.

Maternal ethanol consumption during pregnancy enhances bile acid-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in fetal rat liver.

Ethanol is able to cross the placenta, which may cause teratogenicity. Here we investigated whether ethanol consumption during pregnancy (ECDP), even at doses unable to cause malformation, might increase the susceptibility of fetal rat liver to oxidative insults. Since cholestasis is a common condition in alcoholic liver disease and pregnancy, exposure to glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA) has been used here as the oxidative insult.

In vitro leishmanicidal activity of Tityus discrepans scorpion venom.

Leishmania parasites are sensitive to peptides with antimicrobial and ion-channel inhibitory activity. Because scorpion venoms are rich sources of such peptides, the leishmanicidal effect of Tityus discrepans venom was investigated. A negative correlation between cell growth and venom concentration was observed for venom-treated cultures of Leishmania (L.