Protective Effect of Pentoxifylline on the Development of Acute Gastric Mucosal Injury in a Model of LPS-Induced Sepsis.

Alterations in the gastric mucosal barrier, one of whose fundamental components is phosphatidylcholine (PC), may play an important role in the pathophysiology of erosive gastritis secondary to sepsis. Pentoxifylline (PTX) has been shown to reduce tissue damage in various experimental models of sepsis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PTX on gastric mucosa PC synthesis, leukocyte infiltration, arachidonic acid-related metabolites, inflammation, oxidative stress, NO, CO, and somatostatin in a rat model of LPS-induced sepsis.

Lung and blood perioperative metalloproteinases in patients undergoing oncologic lung surgery: Prognostic implications.

Background: Metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been reported to be related to oncologic outcomes. The main goal of the study was to study the relationship between these proteins and the long-term prognosis of patients undergoing oncologic lung resection surgery.

Methods: This was a substudy of the phase IV randomized control trial (NCT02168751).

Protective Actions of Cannabidiol on Aging-Related Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis Alterations in Liver and Lung of Long Evans Rats.

Background: Aging is characterised by the progressive accumulation of oxidative damage which leads to inflammation and apoptosis in cells. This affects all tissues in the body causing the deterioration of several organs. Previous studies observed that cannabidiol (CBD) could extend lifespan and health span by its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and autophagy properties.

Activation of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Liver of Long Evans Lactating Rats and Its Perinatal Effects in the Offspring after Bisphenol F Exposure.

The liver is the organ responsible for the metabolism and detoxification of BPF, the BPA analogue that is replacing it in plastic-based products. It is not known whether BPF can trigger inflammatory responses via the NLRP3 inflammasome, which plays a major role in the development of liver disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate nitrosative stress species (RNS) and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the liver of lactating dams after BPF exposure.

S-Adenosylmethionine Decreases Bacterial Translocation, Proinflammatory Cytokines, Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis Markers in Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Wistar Rats.

Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) can seriously impair liver function. It is initiated by oxidative stress, resulting in inflammation and apoptosis-induced cellular damage. Glutathione (GSH) prevents oxidative stress.

Oxidative stress increases in liver of lactating rats after BPF-low-dose exposure: perinatal effects in the offspring.

Bisphenol F (BPF) is replacing Bisphenol A (BPA) in the manufacture of products due to endocrine-disrupting effects. BPF monomers can also be released into the environment and enter the food chain, resulting in human exposure to low doses. Since bisphenols are primarily metabolized by the liver, this organ is more vulnerable to lower doses of bisphenols than others.

Low Dose of BPA Induces Liver Injury through Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis in Long-Evans Lactating Rats and Its Perinatal Effect on Female PND6 Offspring.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a phenolic compound used in plastics elaboration for food protection or packaging. BPA-monomers can be released into the food chain, resulting in continuous and ubiquitous low-dose human exposure. This exposure during prenatal development is especially critical and could lead to alterations in ontogeny of tissues increasing the risk of developing diseases in adulthood.

Mechanisms of regenerative preconditioning in pigs with subtotal hepatectomies.

Background: Portal vein occlusion shortly before extended hepatic resections has hepatoprotective properties, but its molecular effects have not been elucidated. We characterized the impact of regenerative preconditioning by portal vein embolization (PVE) on hepatic energy metabolism and cytokine expression.

Materials And Methods: About 90% hepatectomies were performed in normal pigs (Control) and in pigs that underwent a PVE 24 h before the surgery (n = 10/group).

Effects of GH on the Aging Process in Several Organs: Mechanisms of Action.

In order to investigate the possible beneficial effects of GH administration on the aging process, 24-month-old rats of both sexes and 10-month-old SAMP8 mice were used. Male rats showed increased fat content and decreased lean body mass together with enhanced vasoconstriction and reduced vasodilation of their aortic rings compared to young adult animals. Chronic GH treatment for 10 weeks increased lean body mass and reduced fat weight together with inducing an enhancement of the vasodilatory response by increasing eNOS and a reduction of the constrictory responses.

The role of outdoor and indoor air quality in the spread of SARS-CoV-2: Overview and recommendations by the research group on COVID-19 and particulate matter (RESCOP commission).

There are important questions surrounding the potential contribution of outdoor and indoor air quality in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and perpetuation of COVID-19 epidemic waves. Environmental health may be a critical component of COVID-19 prevention. The public health community and health agencies should consider the evolving evidence in their recommendations and statements, and work to issue occupational guidelines.

Effect of Intravenous Lidocaine on Inflammatory and Apoptotic Response of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Pigs Undergoing Lung Resection Surgery.

Background: Ischemia-reperfusion injury is one of the most critical phenomena in lung transplantation and causes primary graft failure. Its pathophysiology remains incompletely understood, although the inflammatory response and apoptosis play key roles. Lidocaine has anti-inflammatory properties.

Resveratrol supplementation at old age reverts changes associated with aging in inflammatory, oxidative and apoptotic markers in rat heart.

Purpose: Aging is known to play a critical role in the etiopathogenesis of several diseases. Among them, cardiovascular disorders are especially relevant since they are becoming the first cause of death in western countries. Resveratrol is a polyphenolic compound that has been shown to exert beneficial effects at different levels, including neuronal and cardiovascular protection.

Influence of postoperative complications on long-term outcome after oncologic lung resection surgery. Substudy of a randomized control trial.

Lung resection surgery (LRS) causes an intense local and systemic inflammatory response. There is a relationship between inflammation and postoperative complications (POCs). Also, it has been proposed that the inflammation and complications related with the surgery may promote the recurrence of cancer and therefore deterioration of survival.

Protective effects of 17-β-oestradiol and phytoestrogen on age-induced oxidative stress and inhibition of surfactant synthesis in rat type II pneumocytes.

Epidemiological data suggest protective effects of oestrogen and phytoestrogen on lung tissue. This study aimed to elucidate the role of 17-β-oestradiol and phytoestrogen in age-related inhibition of surfactant synthesis and oxidative stress in rat type II pneumocytes. Forty male and 66 female Wistar rats were used.

Effect of intraoperative paravertebral or intravenous lidocaine versus control during lung resection surgery on postoperative complications: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Use of minimally invasive surgical techniques for lung resection surgery (LRS), such as video-assisted thoracoscopy (VATS), has increased in recent years. However, there is little information about the best anesthetic technique in this context. This surgical approach is associated with a lower intensity of postoperative pain, and its use has been proposed in programs for enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS).

[Predictive value of plasma cytokines for acute kidney injury following lung resection surgery: prospective observational study].

Background And Objectives: Patients undergoing lung resection surgery are at risk of developing postoperative acute kidney injury. Determination of cytokine levels allows the detection of an early inflammatory response. We investigated any temporal relationship among perioperative inflammatory status and development of acute kidney injury after lung resection surgery.

Oxidative-Inflammatory Stress in Immune Cells from Adult Mice with Premature Aging.

Oxidative and inflammatory stresses are closely related processes, which contribute to age-associated impairments that affect the regulatory systems such as the immune system and its immunosenescence. Therefore, the aim of this work was to confirm whether an oxidative/inflammatory stress occurs in immune cells from adult mice with premature aging, similar to that shown in leukocytes from chronologically old animals, and if this results in immunosenescence. Several oxidants/antioxidants and inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines were analyzed in peritoneal leukocytes from adult female CD1 mice in two models of premature aging-(a) prematurely aging mice (PAM) and (b) mice with the deletion of a single allele (hemi-zygotic: HZ) of the tyrosine hydroxylase () gene (TH-HZ), together with cells from chronologically old animals.

Comprehensive Characterization of a Porcine Model of The "Small-for-Flow" Syndrome.

Introduction: The term "Small-for-Flow" reflects the pathogenetic relevance of hepatic hemodynamics for the "Small-For-Size" syndrome and posthepatectomy liver failure. We aimed to characterize a large-animal model for studying the "Small-for-Flow" syndrome.

Methods: We performed subtotal (90%) hepatectomies in 10 female MiniPigs using a simplified transection technique with a tourniquet.

Usefulness of combining clinical and biochemical parameters for prediction of postoperative pulmonary complications after lung resection surgery.

Early detection of patients with a high risk of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) could improve postoperative strategies. We investigated the role of monitoring systemic and lung inflammatory biomarkers during surgery and the early postoperative period to detect patients at high risk of PPCs after lung resection surgery (LRS). This is a substudy of a randomized control trial on the inflammatory effects of anaesthetic drugs during LRS.

Modulation of CCL2 Expression by Laparoscopic Versus Open Surgery for Colorectal Cancer Surgery.

It is well known that surgery provokes an inflammatory response. However, the induced inflammatory response to laparoscopic compared with open surgery under combined anesthesia has never been compared following colorectal cancer surgery. We hypothesize that laparoscopic technique under general anesthesia results in a decreased proinflammatory state.

[The effect of anesthetic preconditioning with sevoflurane on intracellular signal-transduction pathways and apoptosis, in a lung autotransplant experimental model].

Background: Anesthetic pre-conditioning attenuates inflammatory response during ischemia-reperfusion lung injury. The molecular mechanisms to explain it are not fully understood. The aim of our investigation was to analyze the molecular mechanism that explain the anti-inflammatory effects of anesthetic pre-conditioning with sevoflurane focusing on its effects on MAPKs (mitogen-activated protein kinases), NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa beta) pathways, and apoptosis in an experimental lung autotransplant model.

Effects of Intraoperative Infusion of Esmolol on Systemic and Pulmonary Inflammation in a Porcine Experimental Model of Lung Resection Surgery.

Background: Lung resection surgery (LRS) is associated with systemic and pulmonary inflammation, which can affect postoperative outcomes. Activation of β-adrenergic receptors increases the expression of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators, and their blockade may attenuate the systemic inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of a continuous perioperative intravenous perfusion of esmolol on postoperative pulmonary edema in an experimental model of LRS requiring periods of one-lung ventilation (OLV).

Glycocalyx Degradation after Pulmonary Transplantation Surgery.

Purpose: Ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a main cause of morbidity after pulmonary resection surgery. The degradation of glycocalyx, a dynamic layer of macromolecules at the luminal surface of the endothelium, seems to participate in tissue dysfunction after IRI. Lidocaine has a proven anti-inflammatory activity in several tissues but its modulation of glycocalyx has not been investigated.

Comparison of the Effect of Melatonin Treatment before and after Brain Ischemic Injury in the Inflammatory and Apoptotic Response in Aged Rats.

Aging is associated with an increase in stroke risk. Melatonin, a potent free radical scavenger and broad spectrum antioxidant, has been shown to counteract inflammation and apoptosis in brain injury. However, little is known on the possible protective effects of melatonin in aged individuals affected by brain ischemia.