Symmetrically tetrasubstituted [2.2]paracyclophanes: their systematization and regioselective synthesis of several types of bis-bifunctional derivatives by double electrophilic substitution.

The possible number of chiral and achiral tetrasubstituted [2.2]paracyclophanes possessing different types of symmetry (C(2), C(i), C(s), C(2v), C(2h)) is evaluated and a unified independent trivial naming descriptor system is introduced. The reactivity and regioselectivity of the electrophilic substitution of the chiral pseudo-meta- and achiral pseudo-para-disubstituted [2.

A modified method of prothrombin time/International Normalised Ratio determination in capillary blood and monitoring oral anticoagulant therapy.

Background: Oral anticoagulant therapy is monitored by a prothrombin time (PT) assay. The PT is standardised by the International Normalised Ratio (INR). The purpose of this study was to work out a modified method of PT/INR measurement in capillary blood for monitoring anticoagulation treatment.

Novel multichiral diols and diamines by highly stereoselective pinacol coupling of planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane derivatives.

The TiCl4/Zn-mediated intermolecular pinacol coupling of the planar chiral carbonyl compounds [2.2]paracyclophane-4-carbaldehyde, 4-acetyl[2.2]paracyclophane (ketone) and the four regioisomeric 5-, 7-, 12- and 13-methoxy[2.