Relationship among morning blood pressure surge, 24-hour blood pressure variability, and cardiovascular outcomes in a white population.

Cardiovascular events have their greatest prevalence in the early morning period. Whether this is attributable to an arousal-dependent blood pressure (BP) increase is far from being clear. It is also not clear to what extent this phenomenon reflects overall 24-hour BP variability.

Long-term prognostic value of white coat hypertension: an insight from diagnostic use of both ambulatory and home blood pressure measurements.

The prognostic value of white coat hypertension (WCH) is still debated. In 2051 subjects representative of the general population of Monza, we measured office, ambulatory, and home blood pressure (BP). The risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality was assessed over 16 years in normotensive, sustained hypertensive, and WCH subjects, the last group being defined as usually done in clinical practice (ie, by normality of 1 out-of-office [ambulatory or home] BP with an office BP elevation).

The Pamela study: main findings and perspectives.

PAMELA (Pressioni Arteriose Monitorate E Loro Associazioni) is an epidemiological study, originally designed to determine the normality of home and ambulatory blood pressure values. The study was performed on 3,200 subjects, aged 25 to 74 years, randomly selected from the general population of Monza (Milan, Italy). In the study context we performed clinical, home and ambulatory blood pressure measurements, echocardiographic assessment of cardiac structure and function as well as laboratory examinations (glucose and lipids).