Fate of cultured populations when exposed to moxifloxacin.

Given the current need for predictive persisting model for , we adopted a classical assay to study drug-tolerant bacterial persisters, focusing on the behavior of a small antibiotic-insensitive subpopulation during prolonged exposure to moxifloxacin. Our study showed a wide-ranging response of , depending on antibiotic concentration, growth stage of mycobacterial cultures, and the availability of potassium ions in the medium. Mid-logarithmic cultures, initially grown in either balanced or K-free medium, contained small sup-populations capable of prolonged and stable survival in the presence of moxifloxacin.

Genome-wide association study revealed some new candidate genes associated with flowering and maturity time of soybean in Central and West Siberian regions of Russia.

The duration of flowering and maturity is an important agricultural trait determining the suitability of a variety for cultivation in the target region. In the present study, we used genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) to search for loci associated with soybean flowering and maturity in the Central and West Siberian regions of Russia. A field experiment was conducted in 2021/2022 at two locations (Orel and Novosibirsk).

Identification of Genomic Regions Conferring Enhanced Zn and Fe Concentration in Wheat Varieties and Introgression Lines Derived from Wild Relatives.

Wild and cultivated relatives of wheat are an important source of genetic factors for improving the mineral composition of wheat. In this work, a wheat panel consisting of modern bread wheat varieties, landraces, and introgression lines with genetic material of the wheat species , , , and and the synthetic line was used to identify loci associated with the grain zinc (GZnC) and iron (GFeC) content. Using a BLINK model, we identified 31 and 73 marker-trait associations (MTAs) for GZnC and GFeC, respectively, of which 19 were novel.

A Transcriptome Response of Bread Wheat ( L.) to a 5B Chromosome Substitution from Wild Emmer.

Over the years, alien chromosome substitution has attracted the attention of geneticists and breeders as a rich source of remarkable genetic diversity for improvement in narrowly adapted wheat cultivars. One of the problems encountered along this way is the coadaptation and realization of the genome of common wheat against the background of the introduced genes. Here, using RNA-Seq, we assessed a transcriptome response of hexaploid wheat L.

Identification of Novel Loci Precisely Modulating Pre-Harvest Sprouting Resistance and Red Color Components of the Seed Coat in L.

The association between pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) and seed coat color has long been recognized. Red-grained wheats generally exhibit greater PHS resistance compared to white-grained wheat, although variability in PHS resistance exists within red-grained varieties. Here, we conducted a genome-wide association study on a panel consisting of red-grained wheat varieties, aimed at uncovering genes that modulate PHS resistance and red color components of seed coat using digital image processing.

Distinct Effects of Moxifloxacin and Bedaquiline on Growing and 'Non-Culturable' .

has recently emerged as the cause of an increasing number of human infections worldwide. Unfortunately, it is highly resistant to existing drugs, and new specific agents to combat have not yet been found. The discovery of antibiotics that are effective not only against replicating but also against dormant and often recalcitrant cells is a daunting challenge.

Population Structure and Genetic Diversity of the 175 Soybean Breeding Lines and Varieties Cultivated in West Siberia and Other Regions of Russia.

Soybean is a leguminous plant cultivated in many countries and is considered important in the food industry due to the high levels of oil and protein content in the beans. The high demand for soybeans and its products in the industry requires the expansion of cultivation areas. Despite climatic restrictions, West Siberia is gradually expanding its area of soybean cultivation.

Multivariate Genome-Wide Association Study of Concentrations of Seven Elements in Seeds Reveals Four New Loci in Russian Wheat Lines.

Wheat is a cereal grain that plays an important role in the world's food industry. The identification of the loci that change the concentration of elements in wheat seeds is an important challenge nowadays especially for genomic selection and breeding of novel varieties. In this study, we performed a multivariate genome-wide association study (GWAS) of the seven traits-concentrations of Zn, Mg, Mn, Ca, Cu, Fe, and K in grain-of the Russian collection of common wheat (N = 149 measured in two years in two different fields).

Novel Genetic Loci from Associated with Gluten Content Revealed by GWAS in Wheat Breeding Lines.

The content and quality of gluten in wheat grain is a distinctive characteristic that determines the final properties of wheat flour. In this study, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed on a wheat panel consisting of bread wheat varieties and the introgression lines (ILs) obtained via hybridization with tetraploid wheat relatives. A total of 17 stable quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) located on chromosomes 1D, 2A, 2B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 7B, and 7D that explained up to 21% of the phenotypic variation were identified.

Small RNA MTS1338 Configures a Stress Resistance Signature in .

In the course of evolution, (Mtb), the etiological agent of tuberculosis, has developed sophisticated strategies to evade host immune response, including the synthesis of small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs), which regulate post-transcriptional pathways involved in the stress adaptation of mycobacteria. sRNA MTS1338 is upregulated in Mtb during its infection of cultured macrophages and in the model of chronic tuberculosis, suggesting involvement in host-pathogen interactions. Here, we analyzed the role of MTS1338 in the Mtb response to macrophage-like stresses in vitro.

Infection: Control and Treatment.

Tuberculosis (TB) is the second leading infectious killer after COVID-19, causing 10 million new cases and claiming the lives of more than 1 [...

Dormancy: How to Fight a Hidden Danger.

Both latent and active TB infections are caused by a heterogeneous population of mycobacteria, which includes actively replicating and dormant bacilli in different proportions. Dormancy substantially affects drug tolerance and TB clinical management due to a significant decrease in the metabolic activity of bacilli, which leads to the complexity of both the diagnosis and the eradication of bacilli. Most diagnostic approaches to latent infection deal with a subpopulation of active , underestimating the contribution of dormant bacilli and leading to limited success in the fight against latent TB.

CRISPR/Cas9-induced modification of the conservative promoter region of alters the heading time of hexaploid bread wheat.

In cereals, the vernalization-related gene network plays an important role in regulating the transition from the vegetative to the reproductive phase to ensure optimal reproduction in a temperate climate. In hexaploid bread wheat ( L.), the spring growth habit is associated with the presence of at least one dominant locus of gene (), which usually differs from recessive alleles due to mutations in the regulatory sequences of the promoter or/and the first intron.

A New Benzothiazolthiazolidine Derivative, 11726172, Is Active , , and against Nonreplicating Cells of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis (TB) still poses a global menace as one of the deadliest infectious diseases. A quarter of the human population is indeed latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. People with latent infection have a 5 to 10% lifetime risk of becoming ill with TB, representing a reservoir for TB active infection.

Dissection of Structural Reorganization of Wheat 5B Chromosome Associated With Interspecies Recombination Suppression.

Chromosomal rearrangements that lead to recombination suppression can have a significant impact on speciation, and they are also important for breeding. The regions of recombination suppression in wheat chromosome 5B were identified based on comparisons of the 5B map of a cross between the Chinese Spring (CS) variety of hexaploid wheat and CS-5Bdic (genotype CS with 5B substituted with its homologue from tetraploid ) with several 5B maps of tetraploid and hexaploid wheat. In total, two regions were selected in which recombination suppression occurred in cross CS × CS-5Bdic when compared with other maps: one on the short arm, 5BS_RS, limited by markers BS00009810/BS00022336, and the second on the long arm, 5BL_RS, between markers Ra_c10633_2155 and BS00087043.

SSR Variability of Stem Rust Pathogen on Spring Bread Wheat in Russia.

Wheat stem rust, caused by f. sp. , which used to be a harmful disease of winter wheat in the southern part of Russia, has been largely affecting the yield of spring bread wheat in the territories of the temperate climate zone since 2009.

Design of Anti-infectious Agents from Lawsone in a Three-Component Reaction with Aldehydes and Isocyanides.

The first effective synthetic approach to naphthofuroquinones via a reaction involving lawsone, various aldehydes, and three isocyanides under microwave irradiation afforded derivatives in moderate to good yields. In addition, for less-reactive aldehydes, two naphtho-enaminodione quinones were obtained for the first time, as result of condensation between lawsone and isocyanides. X-ray structure determination for and 2D-NMR spectra of confirmed the obtained structures.

Functional characterization of genes with daily expression patterns in common wheat.

Our findings suggest most wheat biological processes are under the control of the daily expressed genes. Plant circadian rhythms represent daily changes in the activity of various processes, which are based on changes in the levels of gene expression and protein synthesis. In wheat, some key components of plant circadian clock have been identified, but there is little data on the daily expression and interactions of these genes.

Identification of QTLs for Grain Protein Content in Russian Spring Wheat Varieties.

Most modern breeding programs aim to develop wheat ( L.) varieties with a high grain protein content (GPC) due to its greater milling and cooking quality, and improved grain price. Here, we used a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to map single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with GPC in 93 spring bread wheat varieties developed by eight Russian Breeding Centers.

Genetic Features of Triticale-Wheat Hybrids with Vaviloid-Type Spike Branching.

Vaviloid spike branching, also called sham ramification, is a typical trait of Jakubz. and is characterized by a lengthening of the spikelet axis. In this article, we present the results of a study of three triticale-wheat hybrid lines with differences in terms of the manifestation of the vaviloid spike branching.

Targeting Non-Replicating and Latent Infection: Alternatives and Perspectives (Mini-Review).

Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) represents a major challenge to curing TB disease. Current guidelines for LTBI management include only three older drugs and their combinations-isoniazid and rifamycins (rifampicin and rifapentine). These available control strategies have little impact on latent TB elimination, and new specific therapeutics are urgently needed.