Leptin Levels in Acute and Recovered Eating Disorders: An Arm-Based Network Meta-Analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to provide a BMI-adjusted meta-analytical calculation of blood leptin levels across different eating disorders (EDs) including anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), binge eating disorder (BED), recovered EDs, and healthy controls (HCs). The goal was to understand BMI-independent leptin alterations and their potential as biomarkers.

Method: PubMed and ClinicalTrials.

Vitamin D in pituitary driven osteopathies.

The evidence that pituitary hormones may bypass peripheral endocrine glands to exert remarkable effects on the skeleton is gaining ground. Both hormonal excess and deficit may determine impairment in bone structure, and they commonly result in bone loss in patients affected by pituitary and neuroendocrine disorders. Vertebral fractures are the most common skeletal alterations and may occur independently of bone mass.

MUM-1 in canine lymphoma: A pilot study.

Expression of interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4)/multiple myeloma oncogene-1 (MUM1) in peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) in people is associated with a poorer survival outcome compared to cases of PTCL lacking MUM1 expression. The aim of this study was to determine whether MUM1 is expressed in canine peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS). For comparison, the presence of MUM1 antigen was also investigated in canine diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL).

Classification and distribution of freshwater microplastics along the Italian Po river by hyperspectral imaging.

In this work, freshwater microplastic samples collected from four different stations along the Italian Po river were characterized in terms of abundance, distribution, category, morphological and morphometrical features, and polymer type. The correlation between microplastic category and polymer type was also evaluated. Polymer identification was carried out developing and implementing a new and effective hierarchical classification logic applied to hyperspectral images acquired in the short-wave infrared range (SWIR: 1000-2500 nm).

The Application, Challenges, and Advancement Toward Regulatory Acceptance of Digital Toxicologic Pathology: Results of the 7th ESTP International Expert Workshop (September 20-21, 2019).

With advancements in whole slide imaging technology and improved understanding of the features of pathologist workstations required for digital slide evaluation, many institutions are investigating broad digital pathology adoption. The benefits of digital pathology evaluation include remote access to study or diagnostic case materials and integration of analysis and reporting tools. Diagnosis based on whole slide images is established in human medical pathology, and the use of digital pathology in toxicologic pathology is increasing.

Dinoflagellate resting cysts from surface sediments of the Adriatic Ports: Distribution and potential spreading patterns.

The ability of microalgae to preserve viable in coastal sediments as resting forms provides a reservoir of biodiversity and a useful tool to determine species spreadings. This study represents the first port baseline survey on dinoflagellate cysts, investigated in nine Adriatic ports during a cross border project. 40 dinoflagellate taxa were detected.

Paralytic Shellfish Toxins and Cyanotoxins in the Mediterranean: New Data from Sardinia and Sicily (Italy).

Harmful algal blooms represent a severe issue worldwide. They affect ecosystem functions and related services and goods, with consequences on human health and socio-economic activities. This study reports new data on paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) from Sardinia and Sicily (Italy), the largest Mediterranean islands where toxic events, mainly caused by Alexandrium species (Dinophyceae), have been ascertained in mussel farms since the 2000s.

Neoplastic diseases in the domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo) in Italy: classification and tissue distribution of 856 cases (2000-2010).

Background: The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence and tissue distribution of neoplasms in Italian ferrets, compared to the epidemiological data previously reported in USA and Japan.

Methods: Signalment and diagnoses of pathological submissions received between 2000 and 2010 were searched; cases with the diagnosis of neoplasm were selected and original sections reviewed to confirm the diagnosis.

Results: Nine-hundred and ten samples were retrieved, 690 of which included at least one tumour for a total of 856 tumours.

RNA sequencing and de novo assembly of the digestive gland transcriptome in Mytilus galloprovincialis fed with toxinogenic and non-toxic strains of Alexandrium minutum.

Background: The Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis is marine bivalve with a relevant commercial importance as well as a key sentinel organism for the biomonitoring of environmental pollution. Here we report the RNA sequencing of the mussel digestive gland, performed with the aim: a) to produce a high quality de novo transcriptome assembly, thus improving the genetic and molecular knowledge of this organism b) to provide an initial assessment of the response to paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) on a molecular level, in order to identify possible molecular markers of toxin accumulation.

Results: The comprehensive de novo assembly and annotation of the transcriptome yielded a collection of 12,079 non-redundant consensus sequences with an average length of 958 bp, with a high percentage of full-length transcripts.

177Lu-DOTA-HH1, a novel anti-CD37 radio-immunoconjugate: a study of toxicity in nude mice.

Background: CD37 is an internalizing B-cell antigen expressed on Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells (CLL). The anti-CD37 monoclonal antibody HH1 was conjugated to the bifunctional chelator p-SCN-Bn-DOTA and labelled with the beta-particle emitting radionuclide 177Lu creating the radio-immunoconjugate (RIC) 177Lu-DOTA-HH1 (177Lu-HH1, trade name Betalutin). The present toxicity study was performed prior to initiation of clinical studies with 177Lu-HH1.

Toxin levels and profiles in microalgae from the north-Western Adriatic Sea--15 years of studies on cultured species.

The Northern Adriatic Sea is the area of the Mediterranean Sea where eutrophication and episodes related to harmful algae have occurred most frequently since the 1970s. In this area, which is highly exploited for mollusk farming, the first occurrence of human intoxication due to shellfish consumption occurred in 1989, nearly 10 years later than other countries in Europe and worldwide that had faced similar problems. Until 1997, Adriatic mollusks had been found to be contaminated mostly by diarrhetic shellfish poisoning toxins (i.

Occurrence of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins in clams (Ruditapes decussatus) from Tunis north lagoon.

The main diarrhetic shellfish toxins, okadaic acid (OA) and dinophysistoxin-1, 2 (DTX-2, 2) were detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) as pyrenacyl esters in clams (Ruditapes decussatus) collected in Tunis north lagoon from January 2007 to June 2008. Sample analyses by LC-MS/MS displayed OA and related congeners (DTX-2, 2) with a highest detected level of 21 μg OA eq/kg shellfish meat for the samples of January 2007. Nevertheless, all samples were MBA negative.

A case of two different tumors in the heart of a dog.

A 9-year-old, spayed, female Maremmano shepherd had a bilateral mastectomy for multiple mammary adenocarcinomas 2 years previous and was referred to the Cardiology Service of the School of Veterinary Medicine of Milan after an acute episode of cardiogenic collapse. Because of severe cardiovascular symptoms and poor prognosis, the dog was euthanized. Necropsy examination revealed the presence of multiple firm grayish neoplastic nodules in the myocardium of the left ventricle and scattered in the pulmonary parenchyma.

Vascular endothelial growth factor stimulates organ-specific host matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression and ovarian cancer invasion.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) regulate each other, contributing to tumor progression. We have previously reported that MMP9 induces the release of tumor VEGF, promoting ascites formation in human ovarian carcinoma xenografts. The aim of this study was to investigate whether tumor-derived VEGF regulated the expression of gelatinase by the stroma, influencing the invasive properties of ovarian tumors.

Immunohistochemical diagnosis of canine ovarian epithelial and granulosa cell tumors.

In humans and canines, the morphology of granulosa cell tumors is extremely variable and causes diagnostic difficulties. In human pathology, immunohistochemistry has been widely used for the diagnosis of granulosa cell tumors, whereas, limited studies are present in canine species. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of cytokeratins, vimentin, and inhibin-alpha in canine normal ovaries, epithelial ovarian tumors, and granulosa cell tumors to establish an immunohistochemical panel for the differential diagnosis of ovarian tumors.

The Ret(C620R) mutation affects renal and enteric development in a mouse model of Hirschsprung's disease.

In rare families RET tyrosine kinase receptor substitutions located in exon 10 (especially at positions 609, 618, and 620) can concomitantly cause the MEN 2A (multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A) or FMTC (familial medullary thyroid carcinoma) cancer syndromes, and Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR). No animal model mimicking the co-existence of the MEN 2 pathology and HSCR is available, and the association of these activating mutations with a developmental defect still represents an unresolved problem. The aim of this work was to investigate the significance of the RET(C620R) substitution in the pathogenesis of both gain- and loss-of-function RET-associated diseases.

The vascular targeting property of paclitaxel is enhanced by SU6668, a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, causing apoptosis of endothelial cells and inhibition of angiogenesis.

Purpose: Different antiangiogenic approaches have been proposed in cancer treatment where therapeutic efficacy has been shown with the addition of cytotoxic agents. Here, we used SU6668, a small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, to investigate the combinatorial effect with paclitaxel on the cellular populations of the developing vasculature.

Experimental Design: The effect of this combination was evaluated in vitro in a 72-hour proliferation assay on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human microvascular endothelial cells derived from lungs, endothelial cells, aortic smooth muscle cells, and human ovarian carcinoma cells sensitive (1A9) and resistant (1A9-PTX22) to paclitaxel.

Circulating plasma vascular endothelial growth factor in mice bearing human ovarian carcinoma xenograft correlates with tumor progression and response to therapy.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) performs as an angiogenic and permeability factor in ovarian cancer, and its overexpression has been associated with poor prognosis. However, models to study its role as a marker of tumor progression are lacking. We generated xenograft variants derived from the A2780 human ovarian carcinoma (1A9), stably transfected with VEGF(121) in sense (1A9-VS-1) and antisense orientation (1A9-VAS-3).

Antiangiogenic properties of 17-(dimethylaminoethylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin: an orally bioavailable heat shock protein 90 modulator.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the antiangiogenic properties of 17-(dimethylaminoethylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-DMAG; NSC707545), a water-soluble benzoquinone ansamycin.

Experimental Design: The activity of 17-DMAG, in vivo, was evaluated for inhibition of fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2-induced angiogenesis in s.c.