Osteochondral autograft and hemiarthroplasty for bilateral locked posterior dislocation of the shoulder.

Posterior shoulder dislocations are rare and account for less than 4% of all shoulder dislocations, with only 6.6% of these proving to be bilateral. More importantly, the majority of posterior shoulder dislocations continue to represent a diagnostic trap for the unwary physician who first sees patients with this condition.

The pectoralis major tendon as a reference for restoring humeral length and retroversion with hemiarthroplasty for fracture.

The success of anatomic reattachment of the tuberosities in proximal humeral fractures, treated with hemiarthroplasty, correlates with functional results. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of the upper edge of the pectoralis major insertion (PMI) as a landmark to establish the proper height and version of hemiarthroplasty implanted for proximal humeral fractures. Twenty cadaveric humeri were studied by CT scan to analyze the relationship between the PMI and humeral height and retroversion.

Factors affecting meniscal extrusion: correlation with MRI, clinical, and arthroscopic findings.

The existence of meniscal extrusion is well known in the natural history of the osteoarthritic knee. However, extruded menisci are also seen in non-pathologic knees. To ascertain the prevalence of meniscal extrusion in non-arthritic patients, the MRIs of 100 knees were prospectively studied.