Antifungal, Antimycobacterial, Protease and α‒Amylase Inhibitory Activities of a Novel Serine Bifunctional Protease Inhibitor from Adenanthera pavonina L. Seeds.

Antifungal resistance poses a significant challenge to disease management, necessitating the development of novel drugs. Antimicrobial peptides offer potential solutions. This study focused on extraction and characterization of peptides from Adenanthera pavonina seeds with activity against Candida species, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, proteases, and α-amylases.

T cell-specific P2RX7 favors lung parenchymal CD4 T cell accumulation in response to severe lung infections.

CD4 T cells are key components of the immune response during lung infections and can mediate protection against tuberculosis (TB) or influenza. However, CD4 T cells can also promote lung pathology during these infections, making it unclear how these cells control such discrepant effects. Using mouse models of hypervirulent TB and influenza, we observe that exaggerated accumulation of parenchymal CD4 T cells promotes lung damage.

Antimycobacterial and nitric oxide production inhibitory activities of limonoids isolated from Trichilia lepidota subsp. schumanniana (Harms) T.D.Penn.

Six previously undescribed intact limonoids together with four known compounds were isolated from the seeds of Trichilia lepidota subsp. schumanniana (Harms) T.D.

Antimycobacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of fractions and substances from Erythrina verna Vell focusing on dual severe TB treatment approach.

Tuberculosis remains a major health problem worldwide. Drug-resistant and hypervirulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strains can lead to a hyperinflammatory response and necrotic pathology in hyper-reactive individuals that require adjunctive treatment. Plant-derived substances have been investigated for TB treatment, among which flavonoids stand out.

A new bioinspired peptide on defensin from C. annuum fruits: Antimicrobial activity, mechanisms of action and therapeutical potential.

Background: Antimicrobial peptides, natural or synthetic, appear as promising molecules for antimicrobial therapy because of their both broad antimicrobial activity and mechanism of action. Herein, we determine the anti-Candida and antimycobacterial activities, mechanism of action on yeasts, and cytotoxicity on mammalian cells in the presence of the bioinspired peptide CaDef2.1.

Design of improved synthetic antifungal peptides with targeted variations in charge, hydrophobicity and chirality based on a correlation study between biological activity and primary structure of plant defensin γ-cores.

Microbial resistance to available drugs is a growing health threat imposing the need for the development of new drugs. The scaffold of plant defensins, including their γ-cores, are particularly good candidates for drug design. This work aimed to improve the antifungal activity of a previous design peptide, named A,,γVuDef (for short DD) against yeasts by altering its biochemical parameters.

Identification and Characterization of Two Defensins from Capsicum annuum Fruits that Exhibit Antimicrobial Activity.

Scientific advances have not been enough to combat the growing resistance to antimicrobial medicines. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are effector molecules of the innate immune defense system in plants and could provide an important source of new antimicrobial drugs. The aim of this work was to extract, purify, characterize, and evaluate the antifungal activities present in fractions obtained from Capsicum annum fruits through reversed-phase chromatography.

Antimycobacterial and Nitric Oxide Production Inhibitory Activities of Triterpenes and Alkaloids from (Cham. & Schltdl.) Wawra.

A phytochemical study of leaves and twigs of resulted in 19 compounds, including five indole alkaloids, ,,-trimethyltryptamine, lyaloside, strictosamide, strictosidine, and 5α-carboxystrictosidine; two flavonolignans, cinchonain Ia and cinchonain Ib; an iridoid, roseoside; a sugar, lawsofructose; a coumarin, scopoletin; a diterpene, phytol; three triterpenes, pomolic acid, spinosic acid, and rotungenic acid; and five steroids, sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol, -sitosterol-3---d-glucoside, and -stigmasterol-3---d-glucoside. Some compounds were evaluated for their in vitro activity against and their ability to inhibit NO production by macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The compounds pomolic acid, spinosic acid, strictosidine, and 5α-carboxystrictosidine displayed antimycobacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 7.