Lifestyle Factors in Myopic Spanish Children.

Background: Childhood myopia represents a global concern with increasing prevalence in recent decades. Lifestyle factors significantly impact myopia.

Aim: To evaluate lifestyle factors in myopic children from a metropolitan area in Europe.

Immune synapse formation promotes lipid peroxidation and MHC-I upregulation in licensed dendritic cells for efficient priming of CD8 T cells.

Antigen cognate dendritic cell (DC)-T cell synaptic interactions drive activation of T cells and instruct DCs. Upon receiving CD4 T cell help, post-synaptic DCs (psDCs) are licensed to generate CD8 T cell responses. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms that enable psDCs licensing remain unclear.

Dendritic cells in energy balance regulation.

Besides their well-known role in initiating adaptive immune responses, several groups have studied the role of dendritic cells (DCs) in the context of chronic metabolic inflammation, such as in diet-induced obesity (DIO) or metabolic-associated fatty liver disease. DCs also have an important function in maintaining metabolic tissue homeostasis in steady-state conditions. In this review, we will briefly describe the different DC subsets, the murine models available to assess their function, and discuss the role of DCs in regulating energy balance and maintaining tissue homeostasis.

Abducens and Trochlear Nerve Palsies After COVID-19 Vaccination: Report of Two Cases.

The authors report two cases of an abducens palsy and a trochlear nerve palsy, respectively, in two patients who received a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine 2 weeks previously. Given the lack of other symptoms, normal test results, and spontaneous resolution of the diplopia, a likely association with the COVID-19 vaccine was suggested. .

A comparative multicentric long-term study of un-augmented modified Nishida procedure vs augmentation in unilateral sixth nerve palsy.

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of three procedures: modified Nishida procedure alone vs modified Nishida procedure combined with medial rectus recession (MRc) vs modified Nishida procedure combined with MRc and botulinum toxin (BT) for severe unilateral sixth nerve palsy.

Design: Consecutive, interventional case series.

Methods: The medical records of a consecutive series of patients with severe unilateral sixth nerve palsy who underwent modified Nishida procedure in multiple centres were reviewed.

Conventional type 1 dendritic cells protect against age-related adipose tissue dysfunction and obesity.

Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) scan and integrate environmental cues in almost every tissue, including exogenous metabolic signals. While cDCs are critical in maintaining immune balance, their role in preserving energy homeostasis is unclear. Here, we showed that Batf3-deficient mice lacking conventional type 1 DCs (cDC1s) had increased body weight and adiposity during aging.

Bilaterally recurrent benign abducens nerve palsy in a child.

Benign abducens nerve palsy with recurrent episodes in children is rare. In most cases, there are two episodes, the same eye is affected, and recovery is spontaneous. We present a patient with multiple episodes in both eyes, including bilateral simultaneous involvement, who was treated with botulinum toxin.

Minimal detectable change of the disc-fovea angle for ocular torsion assessment.

Purpose: The disc-fovea angle (DFA) is used as a relevant indicator of ocular torsion change in cyclovertical strabismus. However, interpretation of the variation in time must differentiate whether a real change has occurred or if the disparity is due to random measurement error. The aim of the study was to obtain the minimal detectable change (MDC) of the DFA.

Binocular Visual Field and Vision-Related Quality of Life in Patients With Hemianopia.

Background: Hemianopias can have a severe impact on functional ability and quality of life (QoL). Binocular visual field (VF) analysis is clinically more relevant to visual function than monocular VF. The aim is to analyze the binocular VF of patients with hemianopias and its association with the monocular VF and to assess the QoL of these patients through questionnaires specifically related to vision compared with healthy controls.

DNGR-1 limits Flt3L-mediated antitumor immunity by restraining tumor-infiltrating type I conventional dendritic cells.

Background: Conventional type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1s) are central to antitumor immunity and their presence in the tumor microenvironment associates with improved outcomes in patients with cancer. DNGR-1 (CLEC9A) is a dead cell-sensing receptor highly restricted to cDC1s. DNGR-1 has been involved in both cross-presentation of dead cell-associated antigens and processes of disease tolerance, but its role in antitumor immunity has not been clarified yet.

Inoculation of the Null Mutant Induces Long-Term Protection against Infection in BALB/c Mice.

parasites are etiological agents of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the New World. BALB/c mice are highly susceptible to challenge due to their inability to mount parasite-dependent IFN-γ-mediated responses. Here, we analyzed the capacity of a single administration of the genetically-modified attenuated line in preventing cutaneous leishmaniasis in mice challenged with virulent parasites.

Inferior oblique recession associated to partial temporal inferior rectus recession in unilateral congenital superior oblique palsy.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of inferior oblique recession with contralateral partial temporal inferior rectus recession in patients with decompensated congenital unilateral superior oblique palsy (SOP) in correcting moderate vertical deviations in primary position.

Methods: The medical records of patients with SOP who underwent inferior oblique recession with contralateral partial temporal inferior rectus recession were reviewed retrospectively. Vertical deviation in primary position, subjective torsion, diplopia, residual deviation, and the deviation decrease were evaluated.

Resistance to Experimental Visceral Leishmaniasis in Mice Infected With Requires Batf3.

Unveiling the protective immune response to visceral leishmaniasis is critical for a rational design of vaccines aimed at reducing the impact caused by this fatal, if left untreated, vector-borne disease. In this study we sought to determine the role of the basic leucine zipper transcription factor ATF-like 3 (Batf3) in the evolution of infection with , the causative agent of human visceral leishmaniasis in the Mediterranean Basin and Latin America. For that, Batf3-deficient mice in C57BL/6 background were infected with an strain expressing the luciferase gene.