TCR-T cell therapy: current development approaches, preclinical evaluation, and perspectives on regulatory challenges.

TCR-T cell therapy represents a promising advancement in adoptive immunotherapy for cancer treatment. Despite its potential, the development and preclinical testing of TCR-T cells face significant challenges. This review provides a structured overview of the key stages in preclinical testing, including in silico, in vitro, and in vivo methods, within the context of the sequential development of novel therapies.

Measuring ecological quality status in low-diversity Arctic intertidal foraminiferal assemblages using a diversity-based index.

EcoQS assessment of the marine intertidal zone based on its fauna is challenging because the assemblages have a low diversity and consist of stress tolerant species. The new approach we propose is to pool foraminiferal diversity (effective number of species exp(H')) across the whole intertidal zone including the salt marsh and tidal flat. In seven fjordheads studied in northern Fennoscandia, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations indicated low levels of pollution (EcoQS Excellent to Moderate).

Gut Bacteriomes and Ecological Niche Divergence: An Example of Two Cryptic Gastropod Species.

Symbiotic microorganisms may provide their hosts with abilities critical to their occupation of microhabitats. Gut (intestinal) bacterial communities aid animals to digest substrates that are either innutritious or toxic, as well as support their development and physiology. The role of microbial communities associated with sibling species in the hosts' adaptation remains largely unexplored.

Multiyear data on benthic foraminifera in a glaciated fjord of Svalbard.

Glaciers in the fjords of Svalbard have been receding over last decades. Tempelfjorden, a typical glaciated fjord in West Spitsbergen (78°24'06″ N, 17°02'30″ E), has been sampled in summer 1995 and 2001-2007 for modern benthic foraminifera. We have normalized the abundances and unified the taxonomy of all these published and unpublished data sets and then compiled the record of foraminiferal assemblages changing over years into a comprehensive database.

Levels of TNF, TNF autoantibodies and soluble TNF receptors in patients with bronchial asthma.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential contribution made by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) autoantibodies to the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma (BA).

Methods: We used affinity chromatography methods and a magnetic separation procedure to purify human autoantibodies specific to TNF. The autoantibodies were used as a calibration material to determine the absolute content of autoantibodies to TNF using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).