Tumour budding is associated with hypoxia at the advancing front of colorectal cancer.

Aims: The tumour budding ability to predict cancer progression is felt to be worthy of investigation with regard to its biological properties. This study was aimed at evaluating the role of hypoxia and microvascularization in the morphogenesis of tumour budding in colorectal carcinoma.

Methods And Results: The immunohistochemical expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and carbonic anhydrase IX in cancer cells and CD105 in carcinoma-induced microvascularization were assessed in 479 colorectal cancers.

Technical and clinical description of a case of extensive anogenital Paget's disease associated with anal cancer treated by tomotherapy.

In this paper we describe a case of extramammary Paget's disease associated with anal cancer, which was successfully treated by intensity-modulated radiotherapy using tomotherapy with a simultaneous integrated boost and daily image guidance. The main pitfall in this report is the relatively short follow-up (1 year), which means that the evaluated data is promising but not conclusive. Considering the rarity and wide extension of our patient's Paget's disease in the anogenital region, and the lack of literature reports about curative radiotherapy in this particular setting, this case report may be considered the first related to extensive extramammary Paget's disease treated by tomotherapy.

Virtual microscopy for histology quality assurance of screen-detected polyps.

Aim: Histology quality assurance is crucial for screening programmes and can be performed by circulating glass slides, which has certain intrinsic disadvantages. The present study aimed to assess the accuracy of virtual microscopy in terms of reliability and diagnostic reproducibility in colorectal cancer screening programmes.

Methods: 457 consecutive lesions detected in people undergoing colonoscopy were examined histologically in two pathology units, using both traditional optical microscopy and virtual microscopy (6-12 months later).

Matrix metalloproteinase type 2 expression in malignant adrenocortical tumors: Diagnostic and prognostic significance in a series of 50 adrenocortical carcinomas.

The differential diagnosis of adrenocortical carcinoma from adrenocortical adenoma is based on different pathological parameters, usually incorporated in scoring systems, which unfortunately lack a 100% sensitivity and specificity. Little is known on the molecular mechanisms leading to the malignant phenotype in adrenocortical tumors. Among other molecules, metalloproteinases were demonstrated to be implicated in malignant progression and metastatization of solid tumors, including endocrine ones.