Homocysteine, a sulfur-containing amino acid formed during the metabolism of methionine, exert cytotoxic effects on vascular endothelium. Molecular mechanisms of homocysteine-induced cellular dysfunction include increased inflammatory cytokine expression, altered nitric oxide bioavailability, induction of oxidative stress, activation of apoptosis and defective methylation. Hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic and thromboembolic disorders, as well as hyperinsulinemia and may partially account for increased risk of cardiovascular disease associated with insulin resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGynecol Endocrinol
September 2010
Aim: To evaluate the effect of the vaginally inserted hormone-releasing system 'NuvaRing' on carbohydrate metabolism and acceptability (menstrual cycle control) of extended regimens of using as compared with the standard regimen (21/7) in women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) in reproductive period during 24 months.
Methods: The open randomised study included a total of 109 women with type 1 DM, using 'NuvaRing' in different regimens (21/7, 42/7, 84/7 and 357/7). Average daily insulin requirements, the levels of glycosylated haemoglobin were determined at baseline, after 6, 12, 18 and 24 months of contraception.
Aim: To evaluate the effect of the vaginally inserted hormone-releasing system NuvaRing on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and the hemostasis system, over 6 months of use, in late reproductive-age women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM).
Methods: The open randomized study included a total of 25 women with type 1 DM using NuvaRing. Average daily insulin requirements, levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, the state of coagulation hemostatis and fibrinolytic activity were determined at baseline and after 3 and 6 months of contraception.
Aim: To assess the effect of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) and intrauterine devices (IUDs) on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and hemostasis in perimenopausal diabetic women.
Methods: The open randomized study included a total of 113 diabetic women using COCs with different estrogen/progestogen profiles - ethinylestradiol (EE) 20 microg/desogestrel 150 microg, EE 30 microg/desogestrel 150 microg and EE 30 microg/gestodene 75 microg - and levonorgestrel-releasing or copper IUDs. Average daily insulin requirements, levels of glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, the state of coagulation hemostatis and fibrinolytic activity were determined at baseline and after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of contraception.