Relationship between Neuroglial Apoptosis and Neuroinflammation in the Epileptic Focus of the Brain and in the Blood of Patients with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy.

Neuroglial apoptosis and neuroinflammation play an important role in epileptogenesis. The aim of this study is to evaluate neuronal and glial apoptosis in association with neuroinflammation in brain epileptic focus and inflammatory changes in blood in patients with focal drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). Pathological changes in the temporal lobe in epilepsy (histology, transmission electron microscopy), levels of apoptotic and neuroinflammatory proteins: active caspase-3 (immunohistochemistry), full-length form caspase-3, caspase-9, FAS, FAS-L, NF-kB, TNF-α, p53 (Western blot), and cytokine levels in blood: IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, TNF-α, etc.

Desynchronosis: Types, Main Mechanisms, Role in the Pathogenesis of Epilepsy and Other Diseases: A Literature Review.

Circadian information is stored in mammalian tissues by an autonomous network of transcriptional feedback loops that have evolved to optimally regulate tissue-specific functions. Currently, stable circadian rhythms of the expression of clock genes (, etc.), hormones, and metabolic genes (, etc.

Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in the Pathogenesis of Epilepsy: Role of Neuroinflammation. A Literature Review.

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurring spontaneous seizures. Drug resistance appears in 30% of patients and it can lead to premature death, brain damage or a reduced quality of life. The purpose of the study was to analyze the drug resistance mechanisms, especially neuroinflammation, in the epileptogenesis.