A microscopic model of the dose distribution in hepatocellular carcinoma after selective internal radiation therapy.

Unlabelled: The dosimetry evaluation for the selective internal radiation therapy is currently performed assuming a uniform activity distribution, which is in contrast with literature findings. A 2D microscopic model of the perfused liver was developed to evaluate the effect of two different Y microspheres distributions: i) homogeneous partitioning with the microspheres equally distributed in the perfused liver, and ii) tumor-clustered partitioning where the microspheres distribution is inferred from the patient specific images.

Methods: Two subjects diagnosed with liver cancer were included in this study.

Patient-specific biomechanical model of hypoplastic left heart to predict post-operative cardio-circulatory behaviour.

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome is a complex congenital heart disease characterised by the underdevelopment of the left ventricle normally treated with a three-stage surgical repair. In this study, a multiscale closed-loop cardio-circulatory model is created to reproduce the pre-operative condition of a patient suffering from such pathology and virtual surgery is performed. Firstly, cardio-circulatory parameters are estimated using a fully closed-loop cardio-circulatory lumped parameter model.

Distributed and Lumped Parameter Models for the Characterization of High Throughput Bioreactors.

Next generation bioreactors are being developed to generate multiple human cell-based tissue analogs within the same fluidic system, to better recapitulate the complexity and interconnection of human physiology [1, 2]. The effective development of these devices requires a solid understanding of their interconnected fluidics, to predict the transport of nutrients and waste through the constructs and improve the design accordingly. In this work, we focus on a specific model of bioreactor, with multiple input/outputs, aimed at generating osteochondral constructs, i.

Integrated Stent Models Based on Dimension Reduction: Review and Future Perspectives.

Stent modeling represents a challenging task from both the theoretical and numerical viewpoints, due to its multi-physics nature and to the complex geometrical configuration of these devices. In this light, dimensional model reduction enables a comprehensive geometrical and physical description of stenting at affordable computational costs. In this work, we aim at reviewing dimensional model reduction of stent mechanics and drug release.

A multiscale model for the study of cardiac biomechanics in single-ventricle surgeries: a clinical case.

Complex congenital heart disease characterized by the underdevelopment of one ventricular chamber (single ventricle (SV) circulation) is normally treated with a three-stage surgical repair. This study aims at developing a multiscale computational framework able to couple a patient-specific three-dimensional finite-element model of the SV to a patient-specific lumped parameter (LP) model of the whole circulation, in a closed-loop fashion. A sequential approach was carried out: (i) cardiocirculatory parameters were estimated by using a fully LP model; (ii) ventricular material parameters and unloaded geometry were identified by means of the stand-alone, three-dimensional model of the SV; and (iii) the three-dimensional model of SV was coupled to the LP model of the circulation, thus closing the loop and creating a multiscale model.

Stent deformation, physical stress, and drug elution obtained with provisional stenting, conventional culotte and Tryton-based culotte to treat bifurcations: a virtual simulation study.

Aims: This study sought to investigate the possible influence of different bifurcation stenting techniques on stent deformation, physical stress, and drug elution using a virtual tool that includes structural, fluid dynamics and drug-eluting numerical models.

Methods And Results: A virtual bench test based on explicit dynamics modelling was used to simulate procedures on bifurcated coronary vessels performed according to three different stenting techniques: provisional side branch stenting, culotte, and Tryton-based culotte. Geometrical configurations obtained after virtual stenting simulations were used to perform fluid dynamics and drug elution analyses.

Drug delivery patterns for different stenting techniques in coronary bifurcations: a comparative computational study.

The treatment of coronary bifurcation lesions represents a challenge for the interventional cardiologists due to the lower rate of procedural success and the higher risk of restenosis. The advent of drug-eluting stents (DES) has dramatically reduced restenosis and consequently the request for re-intervention. The aim of the present work is to provide further insight about the effectiveness of DES by means of a computational study that combines virtual stent implantation, fluid dynamics and drug release for different stenting protocols currently used in the treatment of a coronary artery bifurcation.

A mechanical simulator of cardiac wall kinematics.

Aim of this study is to develop a mechanical simulator (MS) reproducing cardiac wall kinematics [i.e., radial (R), longitudinal (L) and rotational (RT) motions] to test piezoelectric gyroscopic sensors (GS) that are able to measure cardiac torsion that has proved to be a sensitive index of cardiac performance.