Isothermal inactivation of subsp. in curd simulating the stretching phase in pasta-filata cheese process.

Raw milk and dairy products are usually considered the major sources of subsp. (MAP) exposure for humans. During the production process of mozzarella cheese, as well as of other pasta-filata cheeses made with pasteurized or raw milk, curd is heated and stretched by addition of hot or boiling water.

Inactivation of and spp. in Milano-Type Salami Made with Alternative Formulations to the Use of Synthetic Nitrates/Nitrites.

During the manufacture of Italian salami, a traditional meat product, a sequence of hurdles like meat fermentation, air-drying, and long ripening processes are generally sufficient to inhibit the growth of most pathogens. Furthermore, Italian salami are traditionally produced by adding synthetic nitrates/nitrites to raw meat with safety and technological aims, even if controversial opinions about their use still remain, particularly in relation to the consumer demand for natural food products. In this context, the aim of the study was to investigate the inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp.

One-Day Molecular Detection of and in Chicken Meat: A Pilot Study.

and ssp. are bacterial pathogens responsible for most foodborne infections in EU countries. Poultry serves as a reservoir for these pathogens, and its important role in the meat industry makes it essential to develop a rapid detection assay able to provide results in one day.

Raw donkey milk versus raw cow's milk. A preliminary study to compare the growth of Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus.

Gram-positive foodborne pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus can grow in a wide variety of foods, including raw milk. The aim of the study was to compare the growth of L. monocytogenes and S.

Modeling the behavior of Listeria innocua in Italian salami during the production and high-pressure validation of processes for exportation to the U.S.

A model describing Listeria innocua evolution according to process parameters of 51 Italian salami processes and HPP in 31 companies was developed. A total of 51 challenge tests were performed. During processing a L.

Behavior of during the manufacturing and pit-ripening of Formaggio di Fossa di Sogliano PDO cheese.

Formaggio di Fossa di Sogliano is a traditional Italian Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) cheese ripened for a minimum of 5 months, with the feature of a ripening of at least 80 to at most 100 days in pits, digged into tuffaceous rocks according to medieval tradition of Italy. In this study, a challenge test using as a surrogate of was performed, with the aim of increasing knowledge concerning the impact of the Fossa cheese process, and especially of the traditional ripening process of this PDO, on the behaviour of Pasteurized milk was experimentally inoculated with 4.5 log CFU/mL cocktail by three strains, and and Mesophilic Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) counts as well as the evolution of temperatures, pH and a values were monitored throughout the manufacturing and ripening processes.

Reduction of Salmonella spp. populations in Italian salami during production process and high pressure processing treatment: Validation of processes to export to the U.S.

This study involved ten enterprises producing Italian salami, 20 different samples of fermented sausages underwent challenge tests to assess and record the following parameters: time, temperature, pH, a, and Salmonella counts. A linear regression model was used to describe the Salmonella spp. decay: at the end of the process the result of total Salmonella reduction was 0.

Listeria monocytogenes in Gorgonzola cheese: Study of the behaviour throughout the process and growth prediction during shelf life.

As reported on RASFF's portal, in the first 9months of 2016, a total of 13 "alerts/information for attention" were issued concerning the presence of Listeria monocytogenes in mould cheeses throughout Europe. This study analyzes the behaviour of L. monocytogenes in Gorgonzola cheese, a typical Italian soft blue-veined cheese, when contaminated at different time points.

Multiple-Strain Approach and Probabilistic Modeling of Consumer Habits in Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment: A Quantitative Assessment of Exposure to Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A in Raw Milk.

Quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) models are extensively applied to inform management of a broad range of food safety risks. Inevitably, QMRA modeling involves an element of simplification of the biological process of interest. Two features that are frequently simplified or disregarded are the pathogenicity of multiple strains of a single pathogen and consumer behavior at the household level.

Behaviour of and O157:H7 During the Cheese Making of Traditional Raw-Milk Cheeses from Italian Alps.

The behaviour of and O157:H7 was studied during the manufacture and ripening of two traditional Italian Alps cheeses. Each cheese type was manufactured in a pilot plan from raw cow milk (without the addition of starter cultures) artificially inoculated with and O157:H7 to a final concentration of about 4 log CFU/mL. The pathogens were enumerated throughout the cheese making and ripening processes to study their behaviour.

Microbiological and Physico-Chemical Changes During Manufacture of an Italian Goat Cheese Made from Raw Milk.

The aim of this work was to study the microbiological and physico-chemical changes throughout three cheesemaking replicates of Italian cheese made from raw goat milk. Therefore, during the process, three samples of milk, curd and cheese at 3, 7, 11, 14, 21 and 30 days of ripening old cheese were taken from three cheesemaking replicates. The average of total mesophilic bacteria and count in raw milk was 5.

Reduction of O157:H7 During Manufacture and Ripening of Italian Semi-Dry Salami.

In order to simulate a contamination at the processing plant, one batch of freshly-processed salami batter (20 kg) was inoculated (1% v:w) with 5 log colony forming unit (CFU)/g of a multi-strain cocktail of two strains of O157:H7 (registered and wild strain). Another batch was inoculated (1% v:w) with sterile physiological saline solution and used to check the lactic acid bacteria (Lab) behaviour and the changes of physicochemical parameters (pH and ). Both batches were then processed to obtain a semi-dry salami (Hungarian-style): microbiological and physico-chemical properties were monitored during 94 days of ripening.

Growth Potential of in Sliced Turkey Packed in Modified Atmosphere.

According to EC Regulation No 2073/2005, for food business operators that produce ready-to-eat (RTE) product, it is crucial to be able to demonstrate if the product supports the growth of . The objective of the study was therefore to evaluate the behaviour of in sliced RTE turkey (made by cured turkey breast 4.5% NaCl, 1% sodium lactate, sodium nitrite 150 ppm and flavouring) during the shelf life of the product, simulating a contamination during the slicing operation.

Study of Growth Potential of in Low Fat Salami: An Innovative Italian Meat Product.

In the last years, consequently to EC Regulation no. 1924/2006 on nutrition and health claims made on foods, some Italian food businnes operators (FBOs) leaders in the meat sector, invested in research to develop innovative products such as low fat salami, containing up to 30% less fat than the traditional one. For FBOs it is essential to demonstrate for each production process whether the substrate allows the growth of and whether could reach or exceed the limit of 100 cfu g at the end of the shelf life, as stated by EC Regulation no.

Behaviour of O157:H7 During the Manufacture and Ripening of an Italian Traditional Raw Goat Milk Cheese.

is a raw goat cheese produced from whole chilled goat milk; traditional technology involving unpasteurised milk and indigenous lactic starter cultures is employed for its production in Italy. The purpose of this study was to assess the behaviour of O157:H7 during the manufacturing and ripening of this raw goat milk cheese. Raw milk was experimentally inoculated with O157:H7 in a laboratory scale plant and the count was monitored during production and 30 days of ripening required for this cheese.

Modelling Salmonella concentration throughout the pork supply chain by considering growth and survival in fluctuating conditions of temperature, pH and a(w).

We aim to predict the population density of Salmonella spp. through the pork supply chain under dynamic environmental conditions (pH, a(w) and temperature) that fluctuate from growth to survival/slow inactivation. To do this, the dependence of the probability of growth, and of the growth and inactivation rate on the temperature, pH and a(w) were modelled.