Detergent-Resistant Membranes in Chloroplasts and Mitochondria of the Halophyte under Salt Stress.

Halophytes represent important models for studying the key mechanisms of salt tolerance. One approach to the development of new knowledge of salt tolerance is to study the properties of detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs). In this work, the lipid profiles of DRMs of chloroplasts and mitochondria of euhalophyte Willd, before and after their exposure to shock concentrations of NaCl, have been investigated.

Effect of Salinity on Leaf Functional Traits and Chloroplast Lipids Composition in Two C and C Chenopodiaceae Halophytes.

Salt stress is one of the most common abiotic kinds of stress. Understanding the key mechanisms of salt tolerance in plants involves the study of halophytes. The effect of salinity was studied in two halophytic annuals of Chenopodiaceae Willd.

Heterotrophic Microbiota from the Oligotrophic Waters of Lake Vostok, Antarctica.

Lake Vostok is the deepest lake of Antarctica but has poor accessibility for study due to a thick glacial cover, however, water samples of this lake have become available for study just recently. Previously, only the microbiome of the ice cover samples was characterized. Here we report results of bacteriological seeding with subsequent identification of the heterotrophic microorganisms (bacteria and micellar fungi) present by 16S rDNA sequencing as well as results of a direct molecular study of the water microbiome.

Balance of Δ-and Δ-sterols and stanols in halophytes in connection with salinity tolerance.

Sterols (STs) have a key role in regulating the fluidity and permeability of membranes in plants (phytosterols) that have wide structural diversity. We studied the effect of structural STs diversity on salt tolerance in halophytes. Specifically, we used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), including two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCxGC-MS), to assess the STs composition in leaves of 21 species of wild-growing halophytes from four families (Asteraceae, Chenopodiaceae, Plumbaginaceae, Tamaricaceae) and three ecological groups (Euhalophytes (Eu), recretophytes (Re), salt excluders (Ex)).

A novel efficient producer of human ω-amidase (Nit2) in Escherichia coli.

Nit2/ω-amidase catalyzes the hydrolysis of α-ketoglutaramate (KGM, the α-keto acid analogue of glutamine) to α-ketoglutarate and ammonia. The enzyme also catalyzes the amide hydrolysis of monoamides of 4- and 5-C-dicarboxylates, including α-ketosuccinamate (KSM, the α-keto acid analogue of asparagine) and succinamate (SM). Here we describe an inexpensive procedure for high-yield expression of human Nit2 (hNit2) in Escherichia coli and purification of the expressed protein.

Effect of NaCl, copper and cadmium ions on halophytes with different types of salt resistance: accumulation, physiological and biochemical reactions.

The capacities of the euhalophyte SaLi-Cornia perennans Willd. and glycohalophyte Artemisia santonica L. to accumulate NaCl, Cu, and Cd, as well as their physiological and biochemical responses to these compounds, was investigated.

Indigenous women's reproductive health in the Arctic zone of Western Siberia: challenges and solutions.

In the Russian Arctic, alarming trends (shortage of nomadic Indigenous women, high reproductive loss, child mortality rates) indicate long-term changes towards demographic decline. This study aimed at comparing some indicators of the reproductive health (childbirth rates, number of pregnancies, pregnancy loss) of Indigenous and non-Indigenous women in the exploration of cultural and social factors influencing reproductive behaviour. A multidisciplinary approach draws on methods of medicine, sociology and health economics.

Food Sovereignty of the Indigenous Peoples in the Arctic Zone of Western Siberia: Response to COVID-19 Pandemic.

This article presents the challenges facing reindeer herding as being both a profitable business and part of the traditional culture of the nomadic Indigenous peoples in the Arctic zone of Western Siberia which addresses substantial needs of the local population. Reindeer herding products are used as traditional nutrition, and as effective preventive means and remedies for adapting to the cold and geomagnetic activity in the High North. Export trends of traditional reindeer products have decreased local Indigenous peoples' access to venison and had a negative impact on their health.

Changing diets and traditional lifestyle of Siberian Arctic Indigenous Peoples and effects on health and well-being.

The diet of Indigenous Peoples of North-Western Siberia is characterized by a significant proportion of traditional foods. Eating local products provides a ready-made set of macro- and microelements necessary for life in the challenging conditions of the Arctic. Currently, high consumption of traditional foods is typical in the season of fishing or reindeer slaughter, while out of season the consumption of easily digestible carbohydrates increases.

Structural and molecular strategy of photosynthetic apparatus organisation of wild flora halophytes.

Structural and molecular parameters of photosynthetic apparatus in plants with different strategies for the accumulation of salts were investigated. CO gas exchange rate, content of pigments, mesostructure, chloroplast ultrastructure and the biochemical composition of the membrane structural components in leaves were measured. The objects of the study were euhalophytes (Salicornia perennans, Suaeda salsa, Halocnemum strobilaceum), crynohalophyte (Limonium gmelinii), glycohalophyte (Artemisia santonica).

Cognition, emotion, and arithmetic in primary school: A cross-cultural investigation.

The study investigated cross-cultural differences in variability and average performance in arithmetic, mathematical reasoning, symbolic and non-symbolic magnitude processing, intelligence, spatial ability, and mathematical anxiety in 890 6- to 9-year-old children from the United Kingdom, Russia, and China. Cross-cultural differences explained 28% of the variance in arithmetic and 17.3% of the variance in mathematical reasoning, with Chinese children outperforming the other two groups.

The Impact of a Line Probe Assay Based Diagnostic Algorithm on Time to Treatment Initiation and Treatment Outcomes for Multidrug Resistant TB Patients in Arkhangelsk Region, Russia.

Background: In the Arkhangelsk region of Northern Russia, multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) rates in new cases are amongst the highest in the world. In 2014, MDR-TB rates reached 31.7% among new cases and 56.

Seasonal dynamic of morpho-physiological properties and the lipid composition of Plantago media (Plantaginaceae) in the Middle Volga region.

The changes in morpho-physiological properties and lipid composition have been studied in the leaves of the plant Plantago media collected from two different places in the Middle Volga region during the summer of 2010. The plants gathered from the first plot (P1 plants) grew on plain ground in the midst of typical meadow-steppe perennial plants. The plants of the second group (P2 plants) grew on a flat slope of the South-West exposition, in the grass community.

Membrane-forming lipids of wild halophytes growing under the conditions of Prieltonie of South Russia.

The composition of membrane-forming lipids has been examined for 10 wild halophyte species growing in southern Russian on alkaline soil. The plants belong to seven taxa of family rank: by their life form, which are semi-shrubs, herbaceous annuals, and perennial plants; their salt tolerance, which are classified as the euhalophytes, crynohalophytes, and glycohalophytes; and by their sensitivity to water, classifications of mesoxerophytes and xeromesophytes. Parallels have been found between the lipid composition and the ecological status of the plants.

Efficacy and safety of rituximab combined with ESHAP chemotherapy for the treatment of relapsed/refractory aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Background: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of adding rituximab to nonanthracycline ESHAP (etoposide/methylprednisolone/cytarabine/cisplatin) chemotherapy for relapsed/refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).

Patients And Methods: Patients with intermediate- or high-grade NHL were to receive 6 rituximab doses and 6 ESHAP cycles. Rituximab 375 mg/m(2) was administered 1 week and 1 day before cycle 1 of standard ESHAP (etoposide 40 mg/m(2) on days 1-4; methylprednisolone 500 mg/m(2) on days 1-5; cytarabine 200 mg/m(2) on day 5; and cisplatin 25 mg/m(2) on days 1-4).

Tn5044-conferred mercury resistance depends on temperature: the complexity of the character of thermosensitivity.

Escherichia coli K12 containing the transposon Tn5044 mer operon (merR, T, P, C, and A genes) is resistant to mercuric chloride at 30 degrees C but sensitive to this compound at 37-41.5 degrees C. We have studied the mechanism underlying the temperature-sensitive nature of this mercury resistance phenotype, and found that the expression of the Tn5044 merA gene coding for mercuric reductase (MerA) is severely inhibited at non-permissive temperatures.