Frailty and Loneliness in Older Adults: A Narrative Review.

(1) Background: In a society with an advancing aging rate, medical systems are coming under pressure due to an increasing flow of older patients with multiple somatic diseases, exacerbated by their psychological and sociological backgrounds. We aimed to investigate the relationship between frailty and loneliness in older adults and to provide a holistic perspective on these concepts. Our research question was "Is there a link between the loneliness and frailty in older people?" (2) Methods: To assess the link between loneliness and frailty, we conducted a search accessing Index Medicus and PubMed; the timeframe of our research was from 2013 until 2023.

Pathophysiological correlations between SARS-CoV-2 and arrhythmogenesis: a literature review.

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 represents one of the most extensively researched pathogens in the last decade due to its major impact on humanity. Not only does this viral infection cause respiratory disturbances, but it also generates cardiovascular injury. Cardiac arrhythmias represent one of the main consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but they can also occur in the context of antiviral treatment.

Endothelial Dysfunction as a Key Link between Cardiovascular Disease and Frailty: A Systematic Review.

Frailty is increasingly recognized as a significant health concern, particularly due to its association with cardiovascular pathologies. This study aims to examine how vascular endothelial dysfunction, a known premorbid stage in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases, contributes to the link between cardiovascular illness and frailty. The inclusion criteria allowed us to focus on original clinical research articles published in English between January 2014 and January 2024, which reported quantitative assessments of the relationship between frailty and vascular endothelial dysfunction.

Vitiligo-Thyroid Disease Association: When, in Whom, and Why Should It Be Suspected? A Systematic Review.

In most dermatological pathologies, the phenomena observed on the skin are a reflection of internal disorders. In patients with associated acral involvement on the dorsal sides of the hands, this "vitiligo phenotype" may lead to the investigation of certain associated pathologies that sometimes have no obvious clinical impact. To assess the link between skin depigmentation and autoimmune pathologies, we conducted a systematic review involving article selection from the PubMed database.

The prognostic significance of the clinical and histological parameters in primary cutaneous melanoma patients.

Cutaneous melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer and its incidence is unfortunately increasing. In the last decades, a progressive increase of new cases of diagnosed thin melanoma has been noted. This may be due to earlier detection, better surveillance, improved diagnostic criteria or increased exposure to sunlight.

Role of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis and staging of cutaneous squamous-cell carcinomas (Review).

Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common type of neoplasm affecting Caucasian individuals, with squamous-cell carcinoma (cSCC) being the second most common type of NMSC after basal-cell carcinoma. The immunohistochemical study of cSCC is of particular importance, especially for the diagnosis of its rare forms, for which accurate and early diagnosis is crucial for survival. In the present review of the literature, the potentially significant value of immunohistochemical markers were highlighted to more accurately assess the biological behaviour, the prognosis of cSCC and to optimize case management.

Aging and Vascular Compliance in Hypertensive Patients Mirrored in Routine Investigations.

Unlabelled: The global prevalence of arterial hypertension is increasing. Due to its consequences, hypertension is a leading cause of morbidity /mortality. In this regard, awareness of the importance of diagnosis as well as proper treatment of hypertension is mandatory.

Current Challenges in Deciphering Sutton Nevi-Literature Review and Personal Experience.

Halo nevi, known as leukoderma acquisitum centrifugum, Sutton nevus, leukopigmentary nevus, perinevoid vitiligo, or perinevoid leukoderma, together with vitiligo and melanoma-associated hypopigmentation, belong to the group of dermatoses designated as immunological leukodermas. The etiology and pathogenesis of halo nevi has not been fully elucidated. There are several mechanisms through which a lymphocytic infiltrate can induce tumoral regression.

Inflammation and Arterial Hypertension-Pathophysiological Links and Clinical Aspects.

Unlabelled: Arterial hypertension represents one of the most common pathologies in the adult population. Hypertensive patients have structurally altered arteries, with a higher rigidity that leads to a significant decrease in vascular compliance. At the base of the pathophysiological process stands the inflammation, as a reaction of the organism to injury.

Immunohistochemical Aspects of Cell Death in Diabetic Nephropathy.

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus causes ultrastructural changes triggered by partially clarified cellular mechanisms. Since cell death is an important mechanism in the appearance and progression of diabetic nephropathy, we studied alteration of several markers of apoptotic pathways signaling in renal tissue of diabetic or prediabetic patients.

Methods: We analyzed 48 human kidney tissue samples divided into two study groups: the research group (43 renal tissue samples from diabetic or prediabetic patients), and the control group (5 renal tissue samples from patients without diabetes).

Caspases, Cell Death and Diabetic Nephropathy.

Diabetic Nephropathy. In 2014 (according to data published by the World Health Organization) 9% of the global population was affected by Diabetes which was considered to be directly responsible for 1.5 million deaths just two years prior (in 2012).

Early onset of podocytes apoptosis - a TEM study in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Cell death types are usually defined by morphological criteria. Even though podocyte loss is associated with various cell death mechanisms, podocyte apoptosis is rarely detected. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether morphological signs of apoptotic cell death could be detected in early streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats kidneys.

Traditional and nontraditional risk factors for atherosclerosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Premature atherosclerosis (ATS) in SLE patients is an important clinical problem. It is explained not only by excess of traditional risk factors, but also by specific factors linked to disease activity and therapy. Such specific factors include the following: antioxLDL and anti CRP antibodies, immune complexes, mannose-binding lectin, disturbances of metabolism of annexin A5, antiphospholipid syndrome, immunologically determined dyslipidemia, influence of medication.